Industrialization

Front 1

Homestead Act

Back 1

Congress passed this to encourage settlement and farming in Western territories. (gave 160 acres of free land to those that agreed to live on and farm the land

Front 2

Transcontinental Railroad

Back 2

designed to connect the East and West Coast. Employed large crews of Chinese immigrants

Front 3

Mechanical Reaper

Back 3

Made it easier to harvest crops

Front 4

The Plains Wars

Back 4

Native American tribes attacked settlers to protect their land and way of life. Many were fighting to keep the land they were promised to them 10 years earlier in a treaty

Front 5

US Military

Back 5

Many believe the US had an official extermination policy towards Native Americans

Front 6

The Battle of Little Bighorn

Back 6

Native Americans defeated General George Custer and all his menl

Front 7

The Dawes Act

Back 7

passed by congress to give each Native American family 180 acres to farm. This failed to work.

Front 8

Wounded Knee

Back 8

US Military killed 300 Sioux. This marked the end of the Plains Wars

Front 9

Industrialization

Back 9

During the 1800s Americas industrial production doubled. By 1880 the US had overtaken Great Britain as the world's industrial leader.

Front 10

Laisezz-Faire

Back 10

French for "to let do". This meant the government would let industries develop without government interference.

Front 11

Ellis Island

Back 11

The government had to establish this facility in the New York Harbor to organize and control immigration into the United States.

Front 12

Textile Mills

Back 12

European immigrants worked in the clothing industry in NY

Front 13

"American Melting Pot"

Back 13

Increases in different types of immigrants earned America this title.

Front 14

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

Back 14

Congress passed this after Americans in California began to attack Chinese immigrants for doing their jobs for lower wages. Effectively cut off immigration to America. Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 was also a part of this.

Front 15

Corporation

Back 15

Company formed by a group of investors who each receive a share of ownership

Front 16

Limited Liability

Back 16

investors in corporations only risked the amount of their investment

Front 17

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Back 17

bought 1000s of railroad companies to make one big corporation. KING OF THE RAILROADS

Front 18

Thomas Edison

Back 18

Perfected the electric light bulb

Front 19

Alexander Graham Bell

Back 19

Perfected the telephone so it could be mass produced

Front 20

Bessemer Steel Process

Back 20

Innovation where iron could be made in to steel. This made steel much cheaper and more available.

Front 21

Andrew Carnegie

Back 21

Produced 1/4 of the countries steel

Front 22

J.P Morgan

Back 22

most powerful banker in his time. Tried to control finance and investment in most major US corporation

Front 23

John D. Rockefeller

Back 23

KING OF OIL. (douche)

Front 24

Henry Ford

Back 24

developed the assembly line to produce automobiles

Front 25

Progressive Reform Movement

Back 25

Social and urban problems associated with industrialization led to these. Included reforms on things such as working conditions, hours, and child labor.

Front 26

Company Town

Back 26

Because of lack of transportation, these began popping up around factories. Often, the factories also owned housing/grocery stores and jacked the price up b/c they're meanies

Front 27

Referrendum

Back 27

Allowed proposed laws to be voted on by voters

Front 28

City Commisioner

Back 28

Local business leader elected to run the city (un-professional)

Front 29

Council Managers

Back 29

Elected city council hired a professional manager to run the city.

Front 30

Initiative

Back 30

Allowed a group of citizens to introduce legislation and require the state to vote on it

Front 31

Primary Elections

Back 31

each political party had one in which voters choose candidates for the general election

Front 32

17th Ammendment

Back 32

Gave the people the power to elect US senators instead of the state

Front 33

Muckrackers

Back 33

Journalists that exposed urban and social problems

Front 34

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Back 34

Made large monopolies of industries illegal.

Front 35

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

Back 35

Lawreplaced the Sherman Act and made "price fixing " illegal.

Front 36

Price Fixing

Back 36

When you deliberately lower prices to drive weaker competitors out of business

Front 37

Susan B. Anthony

Back 37

Led Women's Suffrage Movement

Front 38

19th Amendment

Back 38

gave women right to vote woooooooo

Front 39

Ida B. Wells

Back 39

Journalist that led an anti-lynching crusade

Front 40

Booker T.Washington

Back 40

All about books/education for equality

Front 41

W.E.B Du Bois

Back 41

thought education was meaningless without equality

Front 42

Tenements/Slums

Back 42

Workers families often lived crowded in these with bad living conditions

Front 43

The Great Migration

Back 43

African Americans began moving to Norther cities to escape poverty and discrimination in the South

Front 44

Labor Unions

Back 44

Factory workers that fought to ensure better working conditions

Front 45

The Knights of Labor

Back 45

attempted to bring all workers into one big union. Failed when it became too big and fell apart.

Front 46

Haymarket Square Riot

Back 46

300 workers protested in Chicago because of a police shooting of factory workers that were on strike. Someone threw a bomb and killed 7 policemen.

Front 47

American Federation of Labor

Back 47

Accepted only skilled workers and split into different union branches to cover particular jobs

Front 48

Samuel Crompers

Back 48

President of American Federation of Labor

Front 49

American Railway Union

Back 49

Skilled/unskilled workers in the railroad industry

Front 50

Eugene V. Debs

Back 50

Organized the American Railway Union

Front 51

Pullman Strike

Back 51

George Pullman laid of 2/3 of his employees and lowered the wages of the rest. 10,000 Pullman employees walked off the job. The fed.gov. forbid any more protest but Eugene V. Debs refused and was imprisoned causing the American Railway Union to fall apart

Front 52

Homestead Strike

Back 52

Workers at Carnegie Steel company went on strike. The company hired 300 Pinkerton to end the strike.

Front 53

Industrial Ladie's Garment Workers

Back 53

Female immigrants often worked in the clothing industry. They formed a union in NY

Front 54

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Back 54

Louisiana passed the "seperate but equal" law on railroads. Plessy was arrested for sitting in a white car and argued that this violated the 14th amendment but lost.

Front 55

NAACP

Back 55

Founded by Booker T. Washington. to focus on battle for equal access to decent housing and professional careers

Front 56

Theodore Roosevelt

Back 56

President, made the Square Deal

Front 57

Square Deal

Back 57

Teddy's policy of using government power to protect common people from abuses of big business

Front 58

Old Immigrants

Back 58

North western europe

Front 59

New Immigrants

Back 59

South east europe

Front 60

Henry Bessemer

Back 60

CHEAP STEEL

Front 61

16th Ammendment

Back 61

taxes

Front 62

18th ammendment

Back 62

NO ALCOHOL

Front 63

21st Ammendment

Back 63

Repeated the 18th ammendment

Front 64

March on Washington

Back 64

For jobs and freedom for African Americans. HUGE

Front 65

Terrence V. Powderly

Back 65

Head of the Knights of Labor