Industrialization

Front 1

Industrialization causes

Back 1

agriculture revolution, foreign trade growth, technology, energy supplies and transportation (coal and steam engine)In England, they had good gov’t, banks and effective cheap domestic market. Cotton mill industry. Cheap food.

Front 2

Main cities and conditions in cities

Back 2

London, Belgium, France, Germany and US usually filled w/ coal. Spread of disease. Poor sanitation.

Front 3

Conditions in factories

Back 3

early cotton mills were family run, poorhouses, children worked w/ parents Factory Act of 1833 broke pattern of families working in mills. Children underage should not work. Hours were long w/ little pay.

Front 4

Significant inventions and inventors

Back 4

James Watt – steam engine larger markets larger factories little economic uncertainity
Hargreaves – Spinning Jenny which made cotton cheaper

Front 5

David Ricardo

Back 5

“iron law of wages” wages would be just high enough to keep workers from starving (subsistence)

Front 6

Adam Smith

Back 6

Wealth of Nations. Free economy. Laissez-faire. Invisible hand. Capitalism

Front 7

Thomas Malthus

Back 7

population grows faster than food supply checks w/ war

Front 8

Luddites

Back 8

worried that technology will cause them to lose their jobs

Front 9

Chartistis

Back 9

political democracy Universal male suffrage lower hours in factories

Front 10

British Parliament and Factory Acts

Back 10

Factory Act of 1833 restricted children underage from working in factories. Limited workday for children. Underage children in schools. Helped improve conditions.

Front 11

Edwin Chadwick

Back 11

brought public health measures to England disease and death caused poverty

Front 12

Results of industrialization

Back 12

mass production, cheaper goods, improved way of life (a new sense of poverty), urbanization

Front 13

Great Reform Bill of 1832

Back 13

doubled electorate gave more political say to urbans. More power to the House of Commons.