Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Enclosure Movement
|
common land given to rich --> small farmers move to the city
|
|
|
Adam Smith
|
author of wealth of nations in which capitalism was first described
|
|
|
Laissez Faire Principles
|
1) Entrepreneurs should be free to run their businesses in way that will bring most profit
2)whats good for entrepreneur = good for all 3)Free competition gives people chance to do jobs they do best 4)govts shouldnt meddle in business |
|
|
Industrial Revolution
|
a period of change in the methods of producing goods and organizing labor which began in Britain in the 1700s, resulted from the invention of new machines and discovery of new forms of power
|
|
|
keys to IR
|
labor supply, natural resources, investment capital, entrepreneurs, transportation, markets, gvt support
|
|
|
Entrepreneurs
|
People who organized and managed buisinesses, opportunity to make great profits spurred them to build factories, work out efficient ways to produce goods, search for new markets
|
|
|
Domestic System
|
production in which raw materials are distributed to workers who work in their homes to make the goods
existed before factories, feared losing jobs so rioted and destroyed machines |
|
|
Communism
|
An economic and social system created by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels in the Communist manifesto, in which people own all property and means of production and all goods and services are shared
|
|
|
Meiji Era
|
45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor. During this time, Japan started its modernization and rose to world power status.
Centralized Power in Emperor, Absolute Monarchy, no parliament |
|
|
Charter Oath
|
given by emperor to Japanese people, established assembly, ended feudalism, freedoms of job, speech, religion, make empire strong enough to maintain independence
|
|
|
Light industry
|
glass, paper, silk, cloth, etc
raised money to build up heavy industry, get gold and silver |
|
|
gunboat diplomacy
|
using the threat of force to pressure another country to do what u want to do with them...US did to Japan
|
|
|
Congress of Vienna
|
meeting of European leaders that returned conservatives to power after fall of Napoleon,
Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, France led by metternich of austria restore balance of power with redrawn borders peace and stability |
|
|
Metternich System
|
metternich encouraged leaders of Europe to resist any threats to the established order, censored press, arrested liberals and democrats, set up secret police
|
|
|
July Revolution
|
led by students and middle class liberals in revolt to Charles X who fled to Britain
|
|
|
Conservatism
|
a political philosophy that emphasizes preserving of traditions and established institutions, reaction vs enlightenment and french rev.
upper class, monarchy needed for stability |
|
|
Liberalism
|
political philosophy that emphasizs progress and reform and stresses the importance of individual freedom
rising middle class republic/ those educated or had property |
|
|
Revolutions of 1848
|
mostly unsuccessful revolutions caused by economic troubles, political corruptioon, liberalism, democracy, nationalism
spain, italy, russia, poland defeated greece and belgium got independeence |
|
|
Risorgimiento
|
means resurgence, name given to secret societies who dreamed of 1st independence, later unification,
Young italy |
|
|
Camillo de Cavour
|
Prime minister of kingdom of sardinia who brought the unification of italy
1. strenghten economy 2. Build alliances 3. wage war |
|
|
realpolitik
|
realistic politics, success matters more than legality/idealism, do whatever necessary to accomplish goal of strengthening prussia and achieving unification, Bismarck believed in
|
|
|
Franco-Prussian War
|
Bismarck changed telegram from William to France to seem as if leaders insulted each other, captured Napoleon III, Paris under siege, declared German Empire at versailles, France really pissed
|
|
|
Second Reich
|
government of german empire
kaiser, Chancellor, Parliament, real power was kaiser, prussian generals, prussian aristocracy, growing middle class |
|
|
Russian Empire
|
romanov tsars, little industry, feudalism, large political tension, forced russian language and culture upon many different races
|
|
|
imperialism
|
policy of empire building, on nation taking over another
for: raw materials, hard currency, markets, land = power, seaports and bases |
|
|
alliance system
|
triple alliance with germany, italy, austriahungary
triple entente with france, GB, Russia if knew what was in alliances, not cuase of war...lack of knowledge --> WWI |
|
|
militarism
|
military strength is the source of all security. cause of WWI
|
|
|
Central Powers
|
austriaHungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria, fought against by 28 other countries...fought major alliance
|
|
|
total war
|
all of eaurope and eventually most of world at war with each other
|
|
|
Sarajevo
|
where archduke of AH assassinated...immediate cause of WWI
|
