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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hindustani
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traditions of northern India
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Karnatak
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traditions of southern India
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Texture in Indian classical music
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strong tradition of musical drones
melody and drone texture some monophony and heterophony no homophonic music |
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drone
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stationary tone or tones, usually played or sung during a section of music or throughout an entire performance. Some instruments, such as bagpipes, constantly play
a drone tone/note. |
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Theory: instrumental music
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highly improvisational
complex theory for melody and rhythm |
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Theory: Melodic Modes
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rag
vadi samvadi octave gamak |
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rag(raga, ragam)
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melodic scale used for improvisation, each with distinct melodic character, ornaments, and notes of emphasis; also, the system of melodic scales
-"color" or "mood" -traditional associations (time, date, special dates) |
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vadi
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note/pitch of primary importance or emphasis in a rag
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samvadi
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a pitch of secondary importance of emphasis
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octave
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an interval of interest
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gamak
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musical ornament
"space" |
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Theory: Meter
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-tal (tala talam): system of metric (temporal) organization.
-organized around beats of emphasis, beats of "empty, emphasis" and counts. -bol: syllables used for drum sounds(drum vocable) |
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Theory: Form
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alap
jor gat jhala |
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alap
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unmetered introductory exploration of a rag
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jor
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transition section that becomes more metered, leading toward the gat.
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gat
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metered section of music where a melody(in the rag of the performance) is used as basis for improvisation.
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jhala
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virtuosic interplay section
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Instruments: Drone
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tambura
sruti box |
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tambura(tampura)
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a drone four-stringed lute with gourd resonator used a a drone instrument(traditional)
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sruti box
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an electronic drone
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Instruments: Melody
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sitar
sarangi bansri violin |
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sitar
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long-necked lute with gourd resonator used in northern India;
Ravi Shankar |
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sarangi
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bowed lute w/o frets
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bansri
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reed flute
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violin
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chordophone
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Instruments: Percussion
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tabla
mridangam drumheads kanjira ghatam |
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tabla
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pair of two small membranophones used in northern India.
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mridangam
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double-headed drum used in souther India.
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"loaded" drumheads
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drumheads composite of two drumheads
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kanjira
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small tambourine (membraphone) with single set of jingles
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ghatam
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clay pot
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Ravi Shankar
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-Indian's most famous classical musicians.
-plays sitar; composer (concert, film) -musical ambassador: foreign concerts; Beatles (George Harrison); Monterey Pop Music Festival (1967); Woodstock (1969); Concert for Bangladesh (1971) |
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Filmi Sangeet
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film song, songs from Indian's movie musicals
-industry centered in Mumbai -Bollywood -mass entertainment rooted in earlier traditional forms (dance, plays, puppetry) -large number of films produced in several languages. -musical numbers in most film -fast production schedules, long running times -standard plots -characters |
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playback singers
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singer who record songs for actors
-versatile, multi-lingual -prodigious -Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle |
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Lagaan
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-2001
-first Bollywood film nominated for Academy Award -A.R. Rahman |
