India

Front 1

This Gupta leader ruled during the Indian Renaissance, which included many academic achievements in math, astronomy and literature. Additionally, the country was prosperous, traded with many nations, and very tolerant of different religious ideas.

Back 1

G. Chandragupta II

Front 2

This leader had a large army and a secret police because he was very scared of assassinations

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H. Chandragupta

Front 3

This king sent missionaries to China and Egypt to try to spread Buddhism.

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B. As(h)oka

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This Jainist leader was a strict Mendicant.

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K. Vardhamana Mahavira

Front 5

This world conqueror approached the Indus River in 326BC and would have crossed it, except that his men refused to go further, as they had been away from home for a long time. The remnants of this group later became the Bactria.

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I. Alexander the Great

Front 6

This Mauryan Dynasty founder, created a highly centralized country, although he also utilized the province and satrap system to govern.

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H. Chandragupta

Front 7

This author was the Indian Shakespeare and wrote the The Cloud Messenger.

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J. Kalidasa

Front 8

This prince grew up, taking advantage of all the pleasures and riches of a courtly life. He used violence to expand his empire, until the Battle of Kalinga. After seeing the death of around 20,000 (or some accounts claim 100,000) people as a result of the battle, he recognized the errors of his ways and converted to Buddhism.

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B. As(h)oka

Front 9

This king had a standing army, established taxes, and huge capital city at Pataliputra.

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H. Chandragupta

Front 10

This great King understood his paternalist duty and used his office to create infrastructure, such as the Great Trunk Road, temples and stupas, to help his people.

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B. As(h)oka

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He took pilgrimages instead of hunting expeditions and created the Edicts. He outlawed animal sacrifices and has been referred to as the greatest king ever.

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B. As(h)oka

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He created the Gupta Empire and modeled it after the Mauryan Empire.

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F. Chandragupta I

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This Chinese Buddhist praised the Gupta Empire for its religious tolerance

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D. Faxian

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This Indian mathematician was the first to use zero and algebra, figured out pi to 3.1416, sine, and the circumference of the earth.

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E. Aryabhata

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• Strong central rulers

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Gupta Empire

Front 16

• Was able to take power because of the lack of central power (a power vacuum)

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Gupta Empire

Front 17

• Had religiously tolerant leaders, such as Chandragupta I, Samudragupta and Chandragupta II, although they mostly practiced Hinduism

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Gupta Empire

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• Used the military to conquer at the beginning

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Gupta Empire

Front 19

• Use secret police at the beginning

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Gupta Empire

Front 20

• Lots of trade –Great Trunk road and Silk Road

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Gupta Empire

Front 21

• A regulated tax system

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Gupta Empire

Front 22

• Capital at Pataliputra

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Gupta Empire

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• Was approximately 320-415 CE

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Gupta Empire

Front 24

• There were a lot of cultural and scientific achievements during this empire

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Gupta Empire

Front 25

• The Huns eventually defeated them

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Gupta Empire

Front 26

• Indoor plumbing

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Indus Vally Civilization

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• Centrally planned cities

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• Centralized government

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Indus Valley Civilization

Front 29

• Their houses had no outside windows, but an indoor courtyard.

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Indus Valley Civilization

Front 30

• They used baked mud bricks for most of their construction

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Indus Valley Civilization

Front 31

• Religion and government were closely linked and often utilized the same buildings.

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• Trade and farming were the most important industries.

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• They had writing; however modern historians have been unable to decipher it.

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• This civilization ended mysteriously, but there is some evidence that there may have been a flood, earthquake or a change in the course of the river.

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• It lasted from about 3000BCE – 1500 BCE.

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Indus Valley Civilization

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• It was centered around the Indus River and contained the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.

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Indus Valley Civilization

Front 37

• The Silk Road was very important, as that was the only thing the book wrote about. The Silk Road;Was about 4000 miles long and went from India to the Mediterranean,Only expensive items such as silk was shipped on it

Back 37

Kushan Kingdom

Front 38

• They were mostly in Afghanistan and Northern India
What was the name of the empire?

Back 38

Kushan Kingdom

Front 39

• These Indo-European nomadic people came into India around the time of the disappearance of the Indus Valley Civilization.

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Aryan Empire

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• They were nomads

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Aryan Empire

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• Their leaders were eventually called rajas

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Aryan Empire

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• Cattle were very important and their word for cattle is the same as their word for money.

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Aryan Empire

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• Although they migrated into India with no written language, eventually they settled down and then formed the basis for what is now-known as Sanskrit.

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Aryan Empire

Front 44

• They created small kingdoms and the basis of the Vedic religions and the caste system.

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Aryan Empire

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• Strong central rulers

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Mauryan Empire

Front 46

• Was able to take power because of the lack of central power (a power vacuum)

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Mauryan Empire

Front 47

• Had religiously tolerant leaders, such as Chandragupta and As(h)oka and during the second half was mostly Buddhist

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Mauryan Empire

Front 48

• Used the military to conquer at the beginning

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Mauryan Empire

Front 49

• Use secret police at the beginning

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Mauryan Empire

Front 50

• A regulated tax system

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Mauryan Empire

Front 51

• Capital at Pataliputra

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Mauryan Empire

Front 52

• Was approximately 324-183BCE

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Mauryan Empire

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• Internal dissent allowed the empire to decay into smaller kingdoms.

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Mauryan Empire

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• It is polytheistic and has a pantheon of gods

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Hinduism

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• It flowed from the Vedic religion over a long period of time.

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Hinduism

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• Followers believe in reincarnation or rebirth of the soul

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Hinduism

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• Followers believe in samsara or the cycle of reincarnation

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Hinduism

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• Followers believe in moksha which is the release from the cycle of reincarnation

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Hinduism

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• Followers believe in
The individual soul, or the atman, has a duty to know Brahman, or the ultimate force in the universe.

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Hinduism

Front 60

• Followers believe in Following dharma, or your duty, allowed you to get good karma for your next life.

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Hinduism

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o Siva (Shiva)

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the Destroyer

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o Brahma

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the creator

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Vishnu

Back 63

the preserver

Front 64

• It began in the 6th century BC. (Religion)

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Buddhism

Front 65

• Ahisma, or nonviolence is important, and many of the adherents become ascetics or mendicants

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Buddhism

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• The goal is to achieve nirvana or the end of self and a reunion with the world soul.

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Buddhism

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• The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path are crucial to helping people follow the middle path.

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Buddhism

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• One of the important people, although he wouldn’t admit he was important, was Siddhartha Gautama

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Buddhism

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• It is very small because of its strict adherence to ahisma.

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Jainism

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• It developed in India around 520BC.

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Jainsim

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• Adherents believe in reincarnation, karma and that everything has a soul or atman.

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Jainism

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• Vardhamana Mahavira was one of the leaders.

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Jainism

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order of the caste system

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Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaisyas, Sudra, Untouchable