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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three relationships between organisms?
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-Symbiosis (Sym-bio-sis)
- Competition (Com-pet-iti-on) - Predation |
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What is a symbiotic relationship?
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A long-term relationship between two organisms where one or more benefit
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What is a long-term relationship where one or more organisms benefit?
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A Symbiotic relationship
(Sym-bio-tic) |
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What is a relationship where one organism benefits and the other does not?
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Commensalism
(Com-mensa-lism) |
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What is a relationship where both organisms benefit?
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Mutualism
(Mu-tua-lism) |
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What is a relationship where one organism is harmed and the other benefits?
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Parasitism
(Para-sit-ism) |
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How many organisms are benefited and/or harmed in parasitism?
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One benefits, one is harmed
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How many organisms are benefited and/or harmed in commensalism?
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One benefits, the other is unaffected
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How many organisms are benefited and/or harmed in mutualism?
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Both benefit
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What is the process of two or more organisms competing for the same resources called?
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Competition
(Com-pet-iti-on) |
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What does Predation help maintain?
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An ecological balance (Important..)
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What is an area where an organism lives called?
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A habitat
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What is a role an organism plays in a community?
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A niche
(Nic-he) |
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What word represents these qualities:
- When, where, what, and how an organism feeds - How an organism reproduces - How organisms interact with each other in their environment |
A niche
(Nic-he) |
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What is an alternate name for an introduced species?
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an "invasive species"
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What is a new species that is moved into a new ecosystem and typically out competes the native species for resources, sometimes causing extinction, called?
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An introduced or invasive species (in-vas-ive)
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What are three examples of an introduced species?
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- Burmese Python
- Nutria (small rodent-like animal) (Nut-ria) - Zebra Mussels |
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What are the two types of niches?
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- Fundamental Niche
(Fun-dam-en-tal) - Realized Niche (Real-iz-ed) |
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What is the entire range of conditions where an organism could survive (but usually doesn't because of competition with other organisms) called?
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A Fundamental Niche
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What is the actual niche that a species occupies in a community?
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Its Realized Niche
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What is turbidity?
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The clearness or cleanliness of water
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What is the clearness or cleanliness of water?
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Turbidity
(Tur-bid-ity) |
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What is turbid water?
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Unclean or unclear water
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What is Kleptoparatism?
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When an organism steals food from another (Ex. Hyena stealing food from a lion)
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What the term used for describing one organism stealing food from another?
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Kleptoparasitism
(Klep-to-para-sit-ism) |
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What is the principle called that states that two species can not occupy the same niche, in the same habitat, at the same time because one will eventually out-compete another?
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Competitive Exclusion Principle
(Com-pet-iti-ve Ex-clus-ion) |
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What does the "Competitive Exclusion Principle" state?
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That no two species can occupy the same niche, in the same habitat, at the same time because one will eventually out-compete the other
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What type of algae is kelp?
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Brown Algae
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What is a keystone species?
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A species important to an ecosystem because it affects the *species and *number of many other species in a community (or the biodiversity)
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What are two examples of keystone species?
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- Starfish
- Otters |
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Why are otters considered keystone species?
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They eat sea urchins which eat kelp, which is needed by many organisms in bodies of water to survive.
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What is Biological Magnification?
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When concentrations of harmful substances increase in organisms are higher levels of the food chain
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What is the process in which concentrations of harmful substances increase in higher levels of the food chain?
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Biological Magnification
(Bio-logic-al Mag-nifi-cat-ion) |
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Why are starfish considered keystone species?
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They eat mussels which drive many organisms out of tidal pools once their numbers are in large quantities
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What is an example of Biological Magnification?
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DDT chemical concentrations getting to very high levels in eagles
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Why are introduced/invasive species sometimes so dangerous?
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They usually have no natural predators in their new environments
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How do introduced/invasive species spread?
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Usually they are plants and/or animals that people transport into other areas of the world either by accident or on purpose
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