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38 Cards in this Set
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Alexander Hamilton
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Hamilton emerged as a major political figure during the debate over the Constitution, as the outspoken leader of the Federalists and one of the authors of the Federalist Papers. Later, as secretary of treasury under Washington, Alexander Hamilton spearheaded the government's Federalist initiatives, most notably through the creation of the Bank of the United States. |
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Alfred (Thayer) Mahan
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Navy officer whose ideas on naval warfare and the importance of sea-power changed how America viewed its navy |
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Andrew Carnegie
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Built a steel mill empire; US STEEL |
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Anne Hutchinson
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Anne Hutchinson was a dissenter in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who caused a schism in the Puritan community. Eventually, Hutchinson's faction lost out in a power struggle for the governorship. She was expelled from the colony in 1673 and traveled southward with a number of her followers, establishing the settlement of Portsmouth, Rhode Island |
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Anti-Federalists
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Anti-Federalists rose up as the opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control. They instead advocated a decentralized governmental structure that granted most power to the states |
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Barbary pirates
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Plundering pirates off the Mediterranean coast of Africa; President Thomas Jefferson's refusal to pay them tribute to protect American ships sparked an undeclared naval war with North African nations |
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Benjamin Franklin
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During the Revolutionary War, Benjamin Franklin served as an ambassador to France. Franklin was the oldest delegate to the Constitutional Convention and his advice proved crucial in the drafting of the Constitution. Franklin has often been held up as the paradigm of Enlightenment throughout in Colonial America because of his contributions to the fields of science and philosophy |
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Booker T. Washington
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Influential black educator and leader. Said black could be social separated with whites, but together on other issues.
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Boss Tweed |
Most famous political boss - HQed in NYC |
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Brigham Young
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Leader of Mormons |
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Citizen Genet |
French minister to the US, broke rules of diplomacy by appealing directly to Americans |
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Cyrus McCormick |
Invented mechanical reaper |
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Dorothea Dix
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Rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients - created first wave of US mental asylums |
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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Filipino General - helped US take Philipines during Spanish-American war - helped Philippines gain freedom from US |
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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She wrote the abolitionist book, Uncle Tom's Cabin. It helped to crystallize the rift between the North and South. It has been called the greatest American propaganda novel ever written, and helped to bring about the Civil War. |
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he was a leader in the fight against participation in the League of Nations |
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Horace Mann
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Secretary of Massachusetts Board of Education - created public school system in MASS - became model for nation |
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Horatio Alger
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Writer of novels stressing rags to riches stories of boys |
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J.P. Morgan
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Business man -refinanced railroads during depression of 1893 - built inter system alliance by buying stock in competing railroads - marketed US government securities on large scale |
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Jacob Riis
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Early 1900's muckraker who exposed social and political evils in the U.S. with his novel "How The Other Half Lives"; exposed the poor conditions of the poor tenements in NYC and Hell's Kitchen |
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James K. Polk
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Polk was a slave owning southerner dedicated to Democratic party. In 1844, he was a "dark horse" candidate for president, and he won the election. Polk favored American expansion, especially advocating the annexation of Texas, California, and Oregon. He was a friend and follower of Andrew Jackson. He opposed Clay's American System, instead advocating lower tariff, separation the treasury and the federal government from the banking system. He was a nationalist who believed in Manifest Destiny. |
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John C Calhoun
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South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification |
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John D. Rockefeller
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American businessman - founder of Standard Oil Co. (major monopoly) |
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John Slidell
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Sent by Polk to Mexico to negotiate Texas independence and purchase of California and New Mexico - was ignored by Mexican Government |
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John Winthrop
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As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world. |
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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A prominent advocate of women's rights, Stanton organized the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention with Lucretia Mott |
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Lucretia Mott
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Early 1800s - Feminist - helped organize SenThe Mason and Dixon Line was created in the 1760s to set the boundary between the colonial charters of William Penn and Lord Baltimoreeca Falls |
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Roger Williams
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A dissenter, Roger Williams clashed with Massachusetts Puritans over the issue of separation of church and state. After being banished from Massachusetts in 1636, he traveled south, where he founded the colony of Rhode Island, which granted full religious freedom to its inhabitants. |
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Samuel (Golden Rule) Jones
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American Political reformer - advanced employee-management relations |
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Samuel Adams
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Samuel Adams played a key role in the defense of colonial rights. He had been a leader of the Sons of Liberty and suggested the formation of the Committees of Correspondence. Adams was crucial in spreading the principle of colonial rights throughout New England and is credited with provoking the Boston Tea Party.. |
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Stephen Douglas
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Politician who debated Lincoln prior to 1860 election - advocated annexation of Mexico and strong supporter for Compromise of 1850 |
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Thomas Jefferson
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A prominent statesman, Thomas Jefferson became George Washington's first secretary of state. Along with James Madison, Jefferson took up the cause of strict constructionists and the Republican Party, advocating limited federal government. As the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809, Jefferson organized the national government by Thomas Jefferson Republican ideals, doubled the size of the nation, and struggled to maintain American neutrality |
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William Jennings Bryan
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Principle figure in Populist Party - served as Sec. of State under Wilson (resigned in protest of WWI) - prosecutor in the Scopes Trial |
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William Lloyd Garrison
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White Abolitionist - Early 1800s - published The Liberator |
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WIlliam Penn
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Penn, an English Quaker, founded Pennsylvania in 1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance. |
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William Randolph Hearst
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A leading newspaperman of his times, he ran The New York Journal and helped create and propagate "yellow (sensationalist) journalism." |
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William Seward
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US senator who negotiated purchase of Alaska |
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Woodrow Wilson
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American President during WWI - had 14 point plan - key figure in League of Nations |
