Imperialism Study Guide

Front 1

Adam Smith

Back 1

Proff. U of Glascow.

The wealth of Nations

"economic liberty guarantees economic progress"

believed in 'laissez faire'

Front 2

Agricultural revolution

Back 2

massive increase in agricultural productivity and net output. This in turn supported unprecedented population growth, freeing up a significant percentage of the workforce, and thereby helped drive the Industrial Revolution. How this came about is not entirely clear. In recent decades, enclosure, mechanization, four-field crop rotation, and selective breeding have been highlighted as primary causes, with credit given to relatively few individuals.

Front 3

Berlin Conference

Back 3

1884-1885
14 European countries met and laid down the rules to the division of Africa

agreed that any european country could claim land in africa by notifying other nations of their claim and showing that they could control the area.

gave no thought on how African ethnic or religious groups were divided.

Front 4

Division of labor

Back 4

rich force poor to work for them in exchange for meager wages.

most people work a lot and all money goes to rich who work very little.

Front 5

Enclosure

Back 5

large fields where landowners experimented with new farming methods to boost crop yield.

results:

1. new farming methods developed
2. large landowners forced farmers to become tenant farmers or give up farming or move to city.

Front 6

Francis Cabot Lowell

Back 6

in 1813 he and 4 investors revolutionized american textile industry.

mechanized every stage of cloth manufacturing.
had weaving factory in Waltham, mass. partners named town after him post death.

Front 7

Karl Marx

Back 7

german journalist.
wrote The Communist Manifesto
communism: total socialism, where all means of production(land, mines, factories, railroads, business) were owned by the people. everything shared equally.

Front 8

Moses Brown

Back 8

built first factory in US to house Samual Slater's spinning machine. (Pawtucket, Rhode Island)1790

Front 9

Muslim League

Back 9

Indian Nationalist group
founded 1906

Front 10

Nationalism

Back 10

the policy or doctrine of asserting the interests of one's own nation, viewed as separate from the interests of other nations or the common interests of all nations.

Front 11

Raj

Back 11

British rule over India(1757-1947)

Front 12

Samuel Slater

Back 12

1789, a young British mill worker who immigrated to US with partial design of spinning machine

Front 13

Seed Drill

Back 13

Jethro Tull's invention.
Problem: many seeds failed to germinate when farmers scattered seeds over soil.

Solution: A device that Allowed farmers to plant seeds in well spaced rows at specific depths. More seeds germinated therefore crops yield increased.

Front 14

Sepoy Mutiny

Back 14

1857 uprising of Indian soldiers.
after soldiers myth that new rifle cartridges were sealed with beef and pork fat(soldiers needed to bite off seal to use cartridges).

Front 15

Social Darwinism

Back 15

natural selection :

Best company makes profits and inefficient ones go bankrupt.
Fittest enjoyed success while poor remained poor because they are unfit.

some applied this to racial descrimination (we europeans are better than africans therefore we can dominate them)

Front 16

South Africa

Back 16

British controlled southern tip of Africa.

history of Africans, Brits, and Dutch clashing

Boer War

Front 17

Spinning Jenny

Back 17

Invented by James Hargreaves(1764)England

The device dramatically reduced the amount of work needed to produce yarn, with a single worker able to work eight or more spools at once.

Front 18

Steam Engine

Back 18

James Watt made it more efficient and faster.

Made transportation faaster along water routes and canals.

Front 19

Suez Canal

Back 19

Man made water way that connected mediteranean to Red Sea. Cut through Isthmus of Suez. opened(18690

Front 20

Textile

Back 20

A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric

Front 21

Urbanization

Back 21

City building and movement of people to cities.

Front 22

William Cockerill

Back 22

Lancashire carpenter who went to Belgium in 1799 carrying plans for spinning macinery.

Front 23

Industrialization

Back 23

Develop industries in a country on a wide scale.

Front 24

Imperialism

Back 24

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Front 25

Boer war

Back 25

Two wars fought by Great Britain in Southern Africa

Front 26

Boer

Back 26

A member of the Dutch and Huguenot population that settled in southern Africa in the late 17th century.

Front 27

Capitalism

Back 27

An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

Front 28

Communism

Back 28

A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Front 29

Crimean War

Back 29

A war between Russia and an alliance of Great Britain, France, Sardinia, and Turkey.

Front 30

Crop Rotation

Back 30

The action or system of rotating crops

Front 31

Direct Rule

Back 31

A system of government in which a province is controlled by a central government

Front 32

East India Company

Back 32

A trading company formed in 1600 to develop commerce in the newly colonized areas of Southeast Asia and India.

Front 33

Factory

Back 33

a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine.

Front 34

Hawaii

Back 34

a state in the U.S. that is comprised of a group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean.

Front 35

India

Back 35

A country in Southern Asia that occupies the greater part of the Indian subcontinent

Front 36

Indian National Congress

Back 36

a broad-based political party in India, founded in 1885 and the principal party in government since independence in 1947.

Front 37

Indirect rule

Back 37

a system of government of one nation by another in which governed people retain certain administrative, legal, and other powers.

Front 38

Labor

Back 38

Physical work

Front 39

Laissez-Faire

Back 39

the policy or attitude of letting things take their own course.

Front 40

Manchester

Back 40

An industrial city in Northwestern England; center for the English cotton industry.

Front 41

Ottoman Empire

Back 41

What used to be the Turkish Empire.

Front 42

Profit

Back 42

The difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating or producing something.

Front 43

Racism

Back 43

The belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race.

Front 44

Railroad

Back 44

A track or set of tracks made of steel rails along which passenger and freight trains run.