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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The first line of defense against an antigen and includes physical, biochemical and cellular components.
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Innate Immune System.
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How do complement components enhance macrophage and neutrophil phagocytosis?
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By acting as opsonins and chemoattractants that recruit immune cells to inflammatory sites.
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True or False
Activation of complement eventually leads to pathogen lysis. |
True
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Mediates neutrophil and monocyte influx into the tissues.
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Chemoattractant cytokines
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What triggers chemoattractant cytokines?
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Cell surface receptor adhesion to ligands on the activated endothelial cell surface.
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What activates resident tissue macrophages and dendritic cells and what secretes this molecule?
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Interferon-gamma
NK and NKT cells |
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True or False
NK cells require prior stimulation in order to recognize and destroy virus-infected normal cells as well as tumor cells. |
False
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How do NK avoid killing normal host cells?
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They contain KIRs that are specific for MHC class I proteins which are normal host cells. When MHC class I is recognized an inhibitory signal is delivered.
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Which immune system responds to a previously encountered antigen in a learned way by initiating a vigorous memory response?
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The Adaptive Immune System
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The effectors of humoral immunity.
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Antibodies
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The effectors of cell-mediated immunity.
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T lymphocytes.
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Which class of MHC peptides does CD8 T cells recognize?
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MHC-I
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Which class of MHC peptides does CD4 T cells recognize?
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MHC-II
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Activation of T cells is regulated via a negative feedback loop involving __________, which results in __________ of T-cell activation and proliferation.
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CTLA-4
suppression |
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Which complement components attract phagocytes to inflammatory sites where they ingest and degrade pathogens?
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C3a, C5a
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Which complement components associate to form a membrane attack complex that lyses bacteria, causing their destruction?
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C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9
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Which complement is an opsonin that coats bacteria and facilitates their ingestion and digestion by phagocytes?
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C3b
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IgE mediated; symptoms occur within minutes. Results in cross-linking by antigen causing cells to degranulate and release histamine, leukotrienes, and eosinophil chemotatic factor.
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Type I
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Antigen-antibody complex formation between foreign antigen and IgM or IgG immunoglobulins.
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Type II
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Due to the presence of elevated levels of antigen-antibody complexes that deposit on basement membranes in tissues and vessels that increase vascular permeability and recruit neutrophils to the site of complex deposition.
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Type III
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Cell mediated hypersensitivity that occurs 2-3 days after exposure.
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Type IV
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