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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T cells
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60-70% total lymphocyte count; decreased in AIDS, DiGeorge, adenine deaminase deficiency
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B cells
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10-20% total lymphocyte count; decreased in Bruton's, adenine deaminase deficiency
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Antigen presenting cells
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B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells
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Langerhan's cells
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antigen presenting cell in skin
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Major histocompatibility complex
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chromosome 6; HLA genes for self-identity
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Class I proteins
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recognized by CD8 T cells and NK cells
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Class H proteins
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recognized by CD4 Th cells
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Type I reactions
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IgE antibodies; mast cells; wheal and flare with bee sting
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Type II reactions
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antibody-mediated; Goodpasture's syndrome, rheumatic fever
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Type III reactions
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immune complex-mediated; SLE glomerulonephritis
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Type IV reactions
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cellular immunity; granuloma, positive PPD
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Delayed reaction hypersensitivity reactions
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CD4 Th cells and macrophages
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Cytotoxic reactions
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CD8 T cells; killing viral infected cells and neoplastic cells
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Graft viability based on
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ABO compatibility most important; HLA match
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Fetus
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allograft that is not rejected
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Hyperacute rejection
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type II hypersensitivity; ABO incompatibility or anti-HLA antibodies
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Acute rejection
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predominately cell-mediated reaction; MC rejection
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Graft vs host reaction
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jaundice, rash, bloody diarrhea
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IgA immunodeficiency
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MC hereditary immunodeficiency; giardiasis, allergies
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Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
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XR; pre B cannot develop into B cells; S. pneumoniae infections
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DiGeorge syndrome
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failure 3rd/4th pharyngeal pouches to develop; T cell deficiency; absent thymus
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S/S of DiGeorge syndrome
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absent thymic shadow; Candida, Pneumocystis infections; hypoparathyroidism
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Adenine deaminase deficiency
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AR; combined B and T cell deficiency; gene therapy
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Wiskott Aldrich syndrome
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XR; combined B and T cell deficiency; eczema, thrombocytopenia
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MC acquired immunodeficiency
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AIDS
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HIV
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attaches to gp 120 ir. CD4 Th cells; cytolytic; reverse transcriptase
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HIV transmission
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MC sexually-transmitted; anal intercourse in homosexuals MCC
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HIV transmission in health care workers
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accidental needle stick from HIV positive patient
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Follicular dendritic cell
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reservoir for HIV in lymph nodes in latent phase
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AIDS clinical diagnosis
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HIV positive plus CD4 Th cell 5 200 cells/µL or AIDS-defining condition
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MC AIDS-defining disorder
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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Screening test for HIV
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ELISA test; detects anti-gp 120
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Confirmatory test for HIV
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Western blot
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HIV test with two peaks
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p24 antigen; positive prior to seroconversion and when AIDS is diagnosed
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MC cancer in AIDS
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Kaposi sarcoma
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MC infections CD4 Th < 100 cells/pL
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CMV, toxoplasmosis, M avium-intracellulare
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HIV immunity granted by
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CCR5 and CXCR4
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Hereditary angioedema
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deficiency C 1 esterase inhibitor; L C2, C4, normal C3
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