Immunology - The Body's Defense - Ch 1

Front 1

What are the two listed benefits and two listed detriments of the immune system?

Back 1

Beneficial:
Protection from Invaders
Elimination of Altered Self

Detrimental:
Discomfort (inflammation)
Damage to self (autoimmunity)

Front 2

What are the three general tiers agains invading organisms?

Back 2

Physical barriers may be considered to be a type of innate immunity

Front 3

What are examples of physical barriers against invading microorganisms?

Back 3

Skin, self-cleaning, normal flora, gut villi, lung cilia

Front 4

What are examples of innate immune defense against invading organisms?

Back 4

Inflammatory responses: defensins, macrophages), lysozymes, neutrophils, dendritic cells, NK cells, mast cells, eosinophils

Front 5

What are examples of specific immune system responses against invading organisms?

Back 5

Antibody production (B cells)
Cell-mediated immunity (T cells)

Front 6

How long does specific immunity take versus innate immunity?

Back 6

Innate takes 2-6 hours, specific takes 5-7 days.

Front 7

What are the components of the humoral response of the innate system?

Back 7

cytokines: Complement, interferon, TNF, stuff like that

Front 8

What are the components of the cellular response of the innate system?

Back 8

dendritic cells, NK cells, mast cells, eosinophils, macrophages and neutrophils

Front 9

What are the components of the humoral response of the acquired system?

Back 9

antibodies (immunoglobulins)

Front 10

What are the components of the cellular response of the acquired system?

Back 10

T-cells, B-cells and other effector cells

Front 11

Is innate immunity or acquired immunity antigen dependent?

Back 11

Acquired immunity

Front 12

Is innate immunity or acquired immunity antigen specific?

Back 12

Acquired immunity

Front 13

Does innate immunity or acquired immunity have an immunologic memory?

Back 13

Acquired immunity

Front 14

Does innate immunity or acquired immunity have a time lag?

Back 14

Acquired immunity

Front 15

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the skin?

Back 15

The squamous cells secrete sweat for flushing and the cells themselves desquamate;

Front 16

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the GI tract?

Back 16

peristalsis, low pH, bile salts, and fatty acids

Front 17

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the lungs?

Back 17

There are surfactants and the tracheal cilia act as a mucociliary elevator

Front 18

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the nasopharynx and eye?

Back 18

Flushing with tears, mucus, and saliva, and lysozymes

Front 19

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the blood and lymphoid organs?

Back 19

phagocytes and NK cells kill through phagocytosis and direct and antibody dependent cytololysis

Front 20

What are the mechanisms of innate immunity of the serum and other serous fluids?

Back 20

Iron deprivation through lactoferrin and transferrin.

Antivral proteins and phagocytic action of the interferons and TNFa

Peptidoglycan hydrolysis of the lysozymes

opsonization, enhanced phagocytosis and inflammation of by fibronection and complement.

Front 21

How much of this can you explain/understand?

Back 21

Pastey says that if you get this, you get 25% of immunology.

Here's some help:
The B-Cells are producing antibodies.
The Cell-mediated response is always T-Cells. There are two kinds of T-Cells – helper cells, Th, and Cytotoxic T-Cells, Tc.
The T-Cell receptors recognize segments of amino acids.
On the Tc cells, the molecule binds to it and the CD8 process next to the binding site, binds to the MHC (major histocompatibility complex I or II). The Tc cells are very important in killing virus-infected cells and tumor cells.
The Th help either B-Cells (Th2) or T-Cells (Th1). Without the Th, neither B- or T-Cells can work. These guys have the CD4

Front 22

When do T-cells differentiate into Th or Tc cells?

Back 22

After they leave the thymus.

Front 23

What type of cell do B-cells become?

Back 23

plasma cells that release antibodies

Front 24

What type of cells do RBCs, platelets, granulocytes and macrophages come from?

Back 24

Myeloid cells.

Front 25

What type of cells to T and B-cells come from?

Back 25

Lymphoid cells