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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What are histocompatibility antigens in general?
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a. The antigens primarily responsible for the rejection of tissues, cells, or organs from genetically dissimilar donors are the histocompatibility antigens
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2. On What chromosome are the MHC genes?
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a. 6
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3. What is the job of MHC?
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a. cell-surface proteins that are critical to the immune response and to the body’s ability to discriminate “self” from “non- self”.
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4. What is the difference in genes between Class I and II MHC?
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a. A, B, C genes code class I
b. DR, DP, and DQ code class II |
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5. What genes encode class II?
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a. DR, DP, DQ
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6. What genes encode class I?
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a. A, B, C
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7. Where do you find Class I MHC molecules? II?
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a. I: All nucleated cells
b. II: Antigen presenting cells (play a role in T cells then!) |
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8. What is the structure of class I MHC? II?
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a. I: MHC heavy chain + B2-microglobulin (note the heavy chains are formed from the A,B, and C)
b. II: dimer, alpha and beta |
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9. What size peptides do class I MHC bind? II?
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a. I: 7-15
b. II: 10-30 |
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10. What is an allele?
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a. one of several alternate forms of a gene at a single locus that controls a particular characteristic
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11. What is? Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)
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a. Basically the same thing as MHC
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12. What is a HLA haplotype?
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a. are the HLA alleles on one of a pair of chromosomes. The genes of a particular haplotype are linked together and inherited together on the same chromosome. Thus, a child inherits two complete MHC haplotypes, one from each parent.
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13. 3 steps for activation of T-lymphocytes
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a. T cell with specific receptor for peptide
b. Finds APC with peptide on that surface, combines with it c. If it has the co-stimulatory signals, the lymphocyte will be activate |
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14. What is always expressed with a class I MHC protein?
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a. Beta-2 microglobulin
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For MHC class I, where is the site of peptide binding
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the heavy chain
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Will APCs have class I or class II MHCs?
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BOTH! Class I because it is a nucleated cell
Class II because class II are expressed on APCs |
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17. What is relative Risk?
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Relative risk” is defined as the chance an individual with the disease-associated HLA antigen has of developing the disease compared with an individual who lacks that antigen
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If you express the HLA allele: DR2
What disease are you likely to get? |
Multiple Slerosis
There are a bunch of these, but he said just know that certain alleles may lead to disease |
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What is the role of MHC in organ tissue and graft rejection?
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Recognition of non-self MHC by recipient T-cells is the major initiating factor for allograft rejection. To minimize rejection, donor and recipient are matched for MHC genes.
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If you have the same MHC genes, are you 100% going to be able to accept a graft?
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No, because there are still other factors that need to be supressed
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Antibody screening is a test, what is it?
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Serologic tests to detect HLA antibodies in transplant candidates.
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What is a cross-match?
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Purpose is to detect antibody in the patient’s serum that react against HLA antigens of the potential donor
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