Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The distinction between variolation and vaccination?
|
In vaccination a nonviable antigen is injected
|
|
Characteristics of innate immunity
|
constitutive, rapid, nonspecific, and lack of memory
|
|
What can the innate immune system not recognize?
|
nonmicrobial molecules
|
|
5 External defenses of the innate immune system?
|
1. intact skin
2. tears 3. in the respiratory tract 4. in the digestive tract 5. normal intestinal flora |
|
5 Internal defenses of the innate immune system?
|
1. chemical/physio barriers
2. NK cells 3. interferons and cytokines 4. alternative complement pathway 5. detetion of pathogens |
|
What is an example of a PAMP on gram-negative bacteria?
|
LPS
|
|
Why do T-cells need 2 signals?
|
To distinguish self from non-self
|
|
How do phagocytes degrade ingested material?
|
Fusing with a lysosome to form a phagolysosome
|
|
What cells can mediate phagocytosis?
|
Monocytes/Macrophages, Dendritic Cells, and Neutrophils
|
|
How do B and T cells interact with antigens?
|
noncovalently
|
|
2 types of memory cells
|
Effector and Central
|
|
Cell/mediated immunity provides protection against viruses in what phase?
|
intracellular
|
|
Where do antigens and B-cells interact?
|
spleen and lymph nodes
|
|
2 pathways of hematopoietic stem cells and their products?
|
Lymphoid- B and T cells
Myeloid- erthrocytes, megakaryocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and DCs |
|
What are the only cells in the body responsible for humoral immunity?
|
B cells
|
|
What on B-cells recognizes native antigen?
|
mIg
|
|
What do mature B-cells express?
|
IgM and IgD
|
|
What is the pathway of immature T-cells in terms of CD4CD8?
|
double negative, the double positive, then single positive
|
|
Where are circulating DCs found?
|
in the blood and lymph
|
|
Where are Interdigitating DCs found?
|
T-cell areas of secondary lymphoid tissue and the thymic medulla
|
|
Where are Interstitial DCs found?
|
most organs
|
|
Where are Langerhans cells found?
|
in the epidermis and mucous membranes
|
|
What are iccosomes?
|
structures on follicular DCs that are covered in antibody-antigen complexes
|
|
NK cells use Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity to kill what targets?
|
Targets coated in IgG antibody
|
|
What type of lymphatics do the bone marrow, spleen and thymus have?
|
Only efferent lymphatics
|
|
What do stem cells become when they become metabolically active?
|
progenitor cells
|