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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the T cell receptor
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A transmembrane receptor that is obligatorily associated with the CD3 complex. CD3 functions as the signal transducing unit
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What are the two different types of MHC molecules, and what are they associated with
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MHC I, associated with CD8+
MHC II, associated with CD4+ |
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What was the MHC first associated with
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Rapid rejection of tissue transplants
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What is another name for the MHC
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Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
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Which genes are the most polymorphic genes in the genome of mammals
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MHC genes
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What are the three MHC I genes
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HLA-A,B,C
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What are the three MHC II genes
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HLA-DR,DP,DQ
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What is the structure of MHC I
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MHC-encoded alpha chain and a non-MHC encoded subunit, B2-microglobulin. The alpha chain has a1 and a2 polymorphic domains, and a3 segement that binds CD8
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What is the structure of MHC II
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An alpha chain and B chain. a1 and B1 form the peptide binding cleft, and nonpolymorphic B2 binds CD4
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Which pathway uses MHC I
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Endogenous, for antigens found in the cytosol. Includes viruses and other intracellular pathogens. Found in all nucleated cells
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How are cytosolic proteins targeted for degradation
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Covalent addition of ubiquitin, which leads it to a proteasome
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Which pathway uses MHC II
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The exogenous pathway, for antigens outside the cell. Used only by professionals, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells
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What stabilizes the MHC II molecules during lysosomal fusion
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CLIP, which will be replaced by the peptide
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What do MHC molecules bind
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Both foreign and self peptides
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What good are polymorphisms
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They increase both the variety of peptides that are recognized and the variety of TCRs that can bind
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What stabilizes the TCR/MHC-peptide interaction
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CD8 or CD4
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Why do extensive polymorphisms exist
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To counter evasive strategies of pathogens
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