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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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IFN-gamma
produced by? function? |
CD4+, Th1 cells, NK cells
Activates macrophages (pAPCs) to destroy internalized pathogens, display more MHCs - promotes effector responses, including CTL - helps B cells make complement-fixing antibodies - inhibits proliferation of Th2 cell, which activates allergic response/humoral response - induce IgG isotype switch - macrophage-activating in response to macrophage having released IL-12 as part of innate immunity |
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IL-1
produced by? function? |
Macrophages, T cells
Inflammation!!! (rubor, tumor, calor, dolor) + extravasation Are pyrogens that act on vessels |
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IL-2
produced by? function? |
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
Survival, proliferation and differentiation of effector and regulatory T cells (aka T cell growth factor) - released when APC presents peptide on MHC, B7 on APC binds to CD28 receptor of naïve T cells, IL-2 released and more MHC, B7, and CD40 (which is an APC receptor for T cell APC40L ligand released!) |
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IL-4
produced by? function? |
CD4+ Th2 cells, mast cells
Help B cells make antibodies - causes T-cell proliferation B cell switching to IgE - attracts eosinophils and basophils, induces production of non-complement-fixing antibodies - helps induce differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells |
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IL-5
produced by? function? |
CD4+ cells, mast cells, TH2 cells
Help B cells make antibodies - attracts/activates eosinophils and basophils - induces production of non-complement fixing antibodies |
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IL-6
produced by? function? |
Macrophages, T cells
Inflammation!!! Increase in blood flow and dilation of blood vessels, change in vascular permeability, extravasation of cells out from blood vessel Are pyrogens that act on vessel - allow CD4+ cells to differentiate into TH17 cells |
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IL-7
produced by? function? |
Stromal cells in bone marrow and thymus
Survival and proliferation of earliest lymphocyte precursors (mainly T cell progenitors) before they express antigen receptors |
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IL-10
produced by? function? |
CD4+ Th17 cells, CD4+ Th2 cells
Suppressive cytokine for T cells Inhibits production of IFN gamma produced by Th1 cells (so, allows allergic/humoral response) |
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IL-12
produced by? function? |
Activated macrophages, dendritic cells
Helps induce differentiation of activated T cell into Th1 cell - secreted by macrophages to recruit NK cells, which release IFN-gamma in response to activate macrophages to kill phagocytosed microbes |
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IL-17
produced by? function? |
CD4+ Th17 cells
Induce inflammatory response by activating neutrophils |
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TGF-beta
produced by? function? |
CD4+ Treg cells
Suppressive cytokines for T cells (From slides: - allows CD4+ T cells to become Th17 cells, which allow induction of inflammatory response/ activation of neutrophils - though this is the opposite of above?) Induce IgA isotype switch |
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TNF alpha
produced by? function? |
Macrophages, T cells
Inflammation!!! Increase in blood flow and dilation of blood vessels, change in vascular permeability, extravasation of cells out from blood vessel Are pyrogens that act on vessel |
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Describe BCRs
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Made of recombined heavy and light chains
Have Fab and Fc region Fc region determines function Associated with Igα and Igβ intracellular signaling molecules activated via clustering w/ antigen |
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Describe TCRs
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Have α and β, γ and δ proteins that are recombined to make the receptor.
Associated with CD3 complex for intracellular signal activated via clustering w/ antigen |
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Describe co-stimulation in B-cells
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A helper T cell can provide co-stimulation through surface protins called CD40L that plug into CD40 on the B-cell.
Complement-decorated antigen can also serve as a clamp to increase time of interaction with the B-cell. |
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Describe co-stimulation in T-cells
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B7 proteins on APCs engage CD28 on T cells.
Th cells CD4 co-receptor molecules (only work with MHC II cells) CTLs have CD8 co-receptor (only work with MHC I cells) |
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What happens when a B cell is activated?
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1) ^ GF --> proliferation
2) Class switching: IgM --> IgG, A, E depending on cytokine received 3) Affinity Maturation |
