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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Leukocytes |
Normal number is 4,500-10,000 cells per cubic mm of blood. |
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Segs |
Mature neutrophils |
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Bands |
Immature neutrophils. |
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Active immunity |
Can be naturally aquired, resulting from contact with the disease producing antigen and subsequent development of the disease. Occurs when the body produces antibodies or develops immune lymphocytes against specific antigens. Provides long term immunity. Ex: childhood chicken pox. |
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Passive Immunity |
Temporary protection against disease producing antigens. Provided by antibodies produced by other people or animals. Protection is gradually lost. Ex: natural passive Immunity by transfer of maternal antibodies through breastmilk. |
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Tests to determine immune status |
Serum protien: measures total protien in the blood. Normal total protien levels for the adult are 6-8g/dL Protien Electrophoresis: analyzes protien content especially for albumin and gamma globulin. Seperates gamma globulin into immunoglobulins. Antibody testing: ordered to determine if a patient has developed antibodies in response to an infection or immunization. Skim testing: assesses cell-mediated immunity. A known antigen is injected intradermally. The skin is observed for a reaction 24-48 hours later. An induration of > 10 mm is a positive reaction indicating previous exposure/sensitization to the antigen. |
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Diagnostic tests for inflammation |
WBC with differential: provides information about the type and extent of inflammatory response. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): is a non specific test to detect inflammation. C-reactive protien (CRP) test: this abnormal protien is excreted into the blood stream during active inflammation. If present it indicates inflammation and will show if therapy is successful by decreasing. |
