Immunology

Front 1

Immunoglobulin classes are defined by a unique...

Back 1

Heavy Chain

Front 2

What part of an antibody defines its specificity?

Back 2

The Variable domain a.k.a Fab region

Front 3

What is the Fc (crystalline fragment) of an antibody responsible for?

Back 3

for the biological activity of the molecule, including activating complement

Front 4

IgG, IgM, and IgA are quantified using...

Back 4

1. Radial immunodiffusion
   
2. Nephelometry
   
3. Turbidimetry
   

Front 5

Advantages and Disadvantages of ESR

Back 5

Advantages Disadvantages
Inexpensive Affected by variety of factors Quick to perform Poor sensitivity Simple Poor specificity See increase in SLE Slower rise and fall than theCRP

Front 6

What are the advantages of CRP over ESR

Back 6

More rapid rise and fall

Not affected by other factors like ESR

Front 7

B lymphs express which CD markers?

Back 7

CD 19

CD 20

Front 8

T-lymphs express which CD markers?

Back 8

CD 2
CD 3

Front 9

Name the acute phase reactants

Back 9

1. CRP
2. Haptoglobin
3. Fibrinogen
4. a-1 antitrypsin
5. Ceruloplasmin
6. a-2 Macroglobulin

Front 10

Type 1 hypersensitivity Reaction is also called __________ and involves what immunoglobulin

Back 10

• Anaphylactic reaction
  
• Involves IgE
  

Front 11

What is RAST?

Back 11

radioallergosorbent test used to detect IgE against specific allergens

Front 12

Type II hypersensitivity is also called________ and involves what Ig?

Back 12

1. Cytotoxic reaction
   
2. Involves IgG or IgM
   

Front 13

Type III hypersensitivity reactions are also called _________ and involve....

Back 13

• Immunecomplex reaction
  
• immune complexes deposited on tissues, causing inflammation

Front 14

Type IV hypersensitivity reaction is also called ________ and involves

Back 14

1. Cell-mediated reaction
2. soluble factors or lymphokines produced by T-cells

Front 15

Lab finding of:

• Bence jones protein in urine
• Monoclonal gammopathy
• M proteins

Is consistent with what disease?

Back 15

Multiple Myeloma

Front 16

CEA is a tumor marker for...but can also be found in...

Back 16

Marker for: management of GI tumors (colon cancer), and adenocarcinomas of the colon, pancreas, liver, and lung

Also found in: Inflam. bowel dis, ulcerative colitis, Crohns dis, polyps, tumors of GI, cigarette smokers.

Front 17

Highest CEA levels are found in

Back 17

metastatic disease

Front 18

AFP is a tumor marker for....also found in....

Back 18

Tumor marker for: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and testicular and ovarian cancer

Also found in: viral hep, cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis,

Front 19

AFP is an important marker for

Back 19

monitoring cancer therapy

Front 20

HCG is a tumor marker for...also found in..

Back 20

Marker for: testicular cancer and other tumors

Found in: serum and urine during pregnancy

Front 21

PSA is a tumor marker for....

Back 21

Prostate cancer, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and acute/chronic prostatitis

Front 22

PSA is used for...

Back 22

screening for prostate cancer

Front 23

The vast MAJORITY of would-be invaders are killed or inactivated primarily by which part of the immune system?

Back 23

The innate immunity system

Front 24

A person immune to Hep-B would have an antibody to which antigen?

Back 24

Surface antigen

Front 25

What is Avidity?

Back 25

Avidity is a measure of the overall strength of binding of an antigen with many antigenic determinants and multivalent antibodies. Avidity is influenced by both the valence of the antibody and the valence of the antigen.

Front 26

What are the direct detection methods used in syphilis testing?

Back 26

1. Darkfield Microscopy
   
2. Silver stain
3. DFA-TP

Front 27

What are the non-treponemal serological tests used in syphilis testing?

Back 27

1. VDRL
2. USR
3. RPR

Front 28

What are the treponemal serological tests used in syphilis testing?

Back 28

1. FTA-Abs
2. TP-PA

Front 29

The most widely used test method for hepatitis is

Back 29

ELISA

Front 30

HAV-RNA indicates...

Back 30

Current Hep A infection

Front 31

First marker found in Hep B is

Back 31

HBsAg

Front 32

Marker that indicates high degree of Hep B infectivity

Back 32

HBeAg

Front 33

marker that is found in a person with immunity to Hep B

Back 33

anti-HBs

Front 34

HIV causes of depletion of what cells

Back 34

CD4+ T helper cells