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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Th1
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activated by DC IL-12. Secretes INF-gamma + CD40 ligand = induces B cells to CS to IgG and macrophage activation. Also secretes IL2, TNFa. Target=bacteria, vesicular protozoa
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Th2
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Secretes IL4 +CD40 ligand to induce B cells to CS to IgE. IL4 + IL13 induces mucous production and gut contraction. Il-5- induces eosinophil attach. Target= worms
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Th17
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activated by DC secreting IL1, 6 and 23. Secretes Il21 + CD40 ligand induces b cells to CS to IgG. IL17 induces neutrophil proliferation. Also IL22. Target- bacteria and fungi
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CD8
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cytotoxic cells. Secrete Inf-gamma. Release granzymes and perforin for direct killing of virus and bacteria.
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Inflammatory mediator production secreted by macs
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quick- prostaglandins (lipid), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), platelet activating factor
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Il1B
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cytokine secreted by mac. Activates vascular endothelium and lymphoocytes. Local tissue damage. Increases access by effector cells. Causes fever and release of Il-6.
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TNFa
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Secreted by activated mac. Acivates vasc epithelium. Increases vasc P. Leads to increase in entry of Ig and complement and increase fluid into lymph. Causes fever, shock and mobilization of metabolites
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Il-6
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secreted by activated mac. Activates lymphocytes and increases antibody production. Causes acute phase protein production and fever.
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CXCL8
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chemotactic factor secreted by activated mac. Recruits neutrophils, basophils and T cells to infection site
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IL-12
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secreted by activated mac. Activates NK cells. Induces differentiation of CD4 into Th1
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inflammatory mediators
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(C5a, PAF, TNF, IL-1) - activate vascular endothelium
Induction of P then E selectin – bind to S-Lex (carbohydrate ligand) on neutrophil, allows rolling of neutrophils on endothelium. increased ICAM expression |
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chemotactic factors
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(C5a, LTB4, CXCL8) attract neutrophils and activate the neutrophil integrins – LFA-1, CR3 – increasing their affinity for ICAM
neutrophils bind strongly to ICAM via LFA-1, firmly adhere and diapedesis across endothelium |
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integrins for neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils
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Integrins
Neutrophils have only LFA-1, CR3 (both b2 integrins) Monocytes and eosinophils have LFA-1,CR3 and VLA-4 (a b1 integrin) |
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chemokine receptors for neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils
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Neutrophils – receptors for CXCL8
Monocytes – receptors for CCL2, 3, 4 Eosinophils –receptors for CCL11 (eotaxin) |
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neutrophil receptors for phagoytosis and killing
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- express lots of receptors for bacterial parts. Neutrophil binds bacteria, engulfs and digests. Receptors include: C3b for complement, mannose, glycan. Signals from TLR and Comp C5a also enhance killing. Fc-gamma receptor also enhances killing efficiency
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endogenous pyrogens causing fever
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lipids- PG, PAF
cytokines- IL1, IL6 and TNF |
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Acute phase response mediated by:
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IL1, IL6, TNF
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Humoral arm of innate viral immunity
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Mediated by INF alpha and beta, recognition by TLR of viral rna or dna, induces production of type I interferon production
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B1-b cells
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early t-cell independent low affinity antibodies. recognizes polysaccharide
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gamma delta T cells
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non MHC restricted T cells. Little diversity and memory. Early response
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NK t cells
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limited diversity abTCR. Sees lipid molecules assoc with MHC1-like molecule (CD1d). Little memory.
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resolution of acute infection
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anti-inflamm cytokines= TGFb, IL-10, IL1ra
removal of ag reduces reponse most effector T and B die of apop |
