Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what part of lymph node is deficient in DiGeorge's syndrome?
|
paracortex
|
|
|
what does the medullary sinus of a lymph node contain?
|
reticular cells and macrophages
|
|
|
what does the medullary cord contain?
|
lymphocytes and plasma cells
|
|
|
in the spleen, T cells are found in...
|
periarterial lymphatic sheath
red pulp |
|
|
white pulp of the spleen contains..
|
B cells
|
|
|
Hassall's corpuscles are found in..
|
medulla of thymus
|
|
|
macrophage signals ______ to a naive T cell
macrophage is activated by____ |
IL-12
interferon gamma |
|
|
what cytokine activates CD8 cells?
what else does it do? |
IL-2
activate helper T cells |
|
|
MHC I loading occurs in ___________
MHC II loading occurs in _________ |
RER
acidified endosome |
|
|
what are the class I MHC genes?
|
A, B, C
|
|
|
what is the CD3 complex? What does it do?
|
associated with TCR
signal transduction |
|
|
what co-stim molecule is on the APC?
One the T cells? |
B7
CD28 |
|
|
what part of the antibody molecule fixes complement?
|
constant part of H chain of IgM and IgG
|
|
|
what antibodies fix complement?
|
IgM
IgG |
|
|
what does terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase do?
|
add nucleotides to DNA in antibody diversity
|
|
|
what does complement do?
|
enhance opsonization
lysis |
|
|
what enables isotype switching?
|
CD40 ligand on Th cells
|
|
|
most abundant Ig in serum?
least abundant? |
IgG
IgE |
|
|
what Ig does a mature B cell express on surface?
|
IgM
IgD |
|
|
_______ crosses placenta
_______ doesn't cross placenta |
IgG
IgM |
|
|
what does IL-12 do?
|
activate Th1 cells
activate NK cells |
|
|
who secretes IL-12?
|
B cells and macrophages
|
|
|
who makes IL-10?
|
Th2 cells
|
|
|
which interleukin is a chemotactic factor for neutrophils?
|
IL-8
|
|
|
what does IL-6 do?
|
stimualate acute phase reactants and immunoglobulins
|
|
|
who makes TNF-alpha?
|
macrophages
|
|
|
macrophages have receptors for...
|
Fc
C3b |
|
|
CD14 on _________
CD16 on _________ |
macrophages
NK cells |
|
|
what cells don't have MHCI?
|
RBCs
|
|
|
complement defends against __________
|
gram negative bacteria
|
|
|
what activates complement in the alternative pathway?
|
molecules on surface of microbes (espeically endotoxin)
|
|
|
deficiency of __________ leads to Neisseria infection
|
C6-C8
|
|
|
what does C3 deficiency cause?
|
recurrent pyogenic sinus and respiratory infections with Staph
|
|
|
PNH is caused by deficiency of ______, which normally inhibits _________
|
DAF
C3 or C5 convertase |
|
|
what does C1 esterase deficiency cause?
|
hereditary angioedema
|
|
|
C3a and C5a are for...
also known as... |
anaphylaxis
anaphylotoxin I and II |
|
|
what opsonizes?
|
C3b
|
|
|
C2 and C4 deficiency manifest as...
|
lupus-like autoimmune disease
|
|
|
what is the C3 convertase of the classic and lectin pathways?
|
C4b,2b
|
|
|
what is the C3 convertase of the alternative pathway?
|
C3b,Bb
|
|
|
what is the most common complement deficiency?
|
C2
|
|
|
what do interferons do?
|
anti-viral state
|
|
|
what does interferon gamma do?
|
activate macrophages
increase Class I and II expression |
|
|
how do interferon alpha and beta inhibit viral protein synthesis?
|
degrade viral mRNA
|
|
|
what bugs do antigenic variation?
|
Salmonella
Borellia Gonococcus Trypanosomes |
|
|
what do immune complexes in Type III do?
|
activate complement, which attracts neutrophils,
who release lysosomal enzymes |
|
|
how long does serum sickness take to develop?
|
5 days
|
|
|
how is type II cytotoxic?
|
lysis via MAC
|
|
|
what do sensitized T cells in type IV do?
|
encounter antigen and then release lymphokines
|
|
|
disseminated mycobacterial infections?
|
IL-12 receptor deficiency
|
|
|
inability to mount IgM response to capsular polysaccarides?
|
Wiscott-Aldrich
|
|
|
X-linked?
|
Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
Wiscott-Alrdrich Chronic granulomatous disease IL-12 receptor SCID |
|
|
failure of interferon-gamma?
|
Job's syndrome
|
|
|
eczema, coarse facies, retained primary teeth?
|
Job's syndrome
(also high IgE) |
|
|
delayed separation of the umbilicus?
|
leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
|
|
|
opportunistic infections?
|
chronic granulomatous disease
|
|
|
staph/strep infections, partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy?
|
Chediak Higashi disease
|
|
|
most common selective Ig deficiency?
|
IgA
|
|
|
defects and deficiency in ataxia-telangiectasia?
|
DNA repair enzymes
IgA deficiency |
|
|
anti-mitochondrial antibodies?
|
primary biliary cirrhosis
|
|
|
anti-epithelial cell antibodies?
|
pemphigus vulgaris
|
|
|
time course for acute rejection?
|
weeks
|
|
|
time course for chronic rejection?
|
months-years
|
|
|
how do you reverse acute rejection?
|
cyclosporin, OKT3
|
|
|
mechanism of chronic rejection?
|
anti-body mediated vascular damage
|
|
|
cytotoxic T cells mediate ________ rejection
|
acute
|
|
|
decreased LAP?
|
CML
PNH |
|
|
anti-smooth muscle antibody?
|
autoimmune hepatitis
|
|
|
how do you treat hyper IgM syndrome?
|
pooled gamma globulin
|
|
|
what does deficiency of tyrosine kinase ZAP70 cause?
|
SCID
|
|
|
measels results in ________ deficiency
|
T cell
|
|
|
what immune deficiency predisposes to non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
|
Wiscott-Aldrich
|
|
|
how does Epi treat anaphylaxis?
|
increased cAMP prevents mast cell degranulation and bronchial constriction
|
|
|
what acitvates NK cells to kill?
|
interferon
|
|
|
what is lectin?
|
a microbial surface antigen
|
|
|
what is C3 nephritic factor?
what disease? |
IgG to C3 convertase, prevents inactivation
Type II membranoproliferative GN |
|
|
what is an LAK cell?
|
NK cell activated by IL-2
|
|
|
cell surface receptor for EBV?
|
CD21
|
|
|
unique to polysaccaride antigens?
|
just IgM, no class-switching
|
|
|
what stimulates dendritic cell migration?
|
TNF-alpha
|
|
|
what does IL-12 do?
|
activate NK and Th cells
|
|
|
what is unique about IgM production?
|
doesn't require Th cells
|
|
|
what is perforin?
|
made by CD8 cells
|
|
|
major determinants of organ rejection?
|
MHC Class II
|
|
|
what cytokines do Th2 cell secrete?
|
IL-4,5,6,10
|
|
|
what Ig are low after splenectomy?
|
IgG2
IgM |
