Immunology 01: Melamed

Front 1

in the bone marrow, ____ cells gives rise to ___ (2) progenitor cells

Back 1

pluripotent hematopoietic stem
common lymphoid
common myeloid

Front 2

common myeloid gives rise to ___ (4) kinds of progenitor cells

Back 2

reticulocyte
megakaryocyte
promonocyte
granulocyte

Front 3

granulocytes are aka

Back 3

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Front 4

monocytes become

Back 4

macrophages

Front 5

common lymphoid progenitor gives rise to ___ (3)

Back 5

B cells
T cells
NK cells

Front 6

IgM half life

Back 6

5-10 days

Front 7

IgG half life

Back 7

21-23 days

Front 8

IgA half life

Back 8

6 days

Front 9

IgE half life

Back 9

2-3 days in serum, >6 months when bound to mast cell

Front 10

IgD half life
IgD is expressed by ___.

Back 10

3 days
naive B cells

Front 11

___ (3) Igs are expressed by memory cells.

Back 11

IgA
IgG
IgE

Front 12

___ Igs serve as opsonins for macrophages

Back 12

IgG

Front 13

___ (2) Igs serve as opsonins for neutrophils

Back 13

IgG
IgA

Front 14

___ is the primary Ig for complement activation. ___ can also do it though.

Back 14

IgM
IgG

Front 15

of IgG subtypes, ___ is most common and ___ is least.

Back 15

IgG1
IgG3

Front 16

of the IgG subtypes, ___ has the shortest half life at ___ days.

Back 16

IgG3
7

Front 17

of the IgG subtypes, all but ___ can bind NK FcR

Back 17

IgG2

Front 18

of the IgG subtypes, ___ bind the eosinophil FcR

Back 18

all

Front 19

of the IgG subtypes, ____ are good macrophage opsonins, and ___ are weak neutrophil opsonins

Back 19

all
all

Front 20

of the IgG subtypes, ___ is best at activating complement and ___ is the worst.

Back 20

IgG3
IgG4

Front 21

Bence-Jones protein is made of ___, usually the ___ subtype.

Back 21

Ig light chain
kappa

Front 22

an Ig domain has ___ AAs.

Back 22

107-110

Front 23

light chains have ___ domains, called ___

Back 23

2
V_L, C_L

Front 24

Ig heavy chains ___ (3) have 4 domains. their arrangement is

Back 24

alpha
gamma
delta
VH-CH1-hinge-CH2-CH3

Front 25

Ig heavy chains ___ (2) have 5 domains. their arrangment is.

Back 25

mu
epsilon
VH-CH1-CH2-CH3-CH4

Front 26

the heaviest Igs are ___ (2) because ___.

Back 26

IgM
IgE
mu and epsilon have 4 constant domains; the other heavy chains have 3.

Front 27

heavy chain ___ has 2 subtypes

Back 27

alpha

Front 28

promonocyte progenitor cells become ___ (2)

Back 28

dendritic cells
monocytes

Front 29

granulocyte progenitor cells become ___ (4)

Back 29

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
mast cells

Front 30

reticulocytes become

Back 30

erythrocytes

Front 31

megakaryocytes give rise to

Back 31

platelets

Front 32

Ig heavy chain locus is on chromosome ___. it is laid out with ___ repetitions of ___ followed by ___, then ___ repetitions of ___, ___ of ___, and 1 ____.

Back 32

14
40
L
V
25
D
6
J
C

Front 33

L segment functions (2)

Back 33

contains START
directs mRNA to right compartment for translation (sIg vs mIg)

Front 34

heavy chain V region contains (2)

Back 34

framework segments 1-3
CDRs 1, 2, part of 3

Front 35

heavy chain D region contains

Back 35

part of CDR 3

Front 36

heavy chain J region contains (2)

Back 36

part of CDR 3
framework segment 4

Front 37

Ig lambda chain locus is on chromosome ___. it is laid out with ___ repetitions of ___ followed by ___, after which ___ repetitions of ___ followed by ___ occur.

Back 37

22
30
L
V
4
J
C

Front 38

Ig kappa chain locus is on chromosme ___. it is laid out with ___ repetitions of ___ followed by ___, then ___ repetitions of ___, then 1 ___.

Back 38

2
40
L
V
5
J
C

Front 39

in light chains, imprecise splicing of ___ and ___ increases diversity by a factor of ___.

Back 39

V
J
100

Front 40

kappa light chain V domain contains (2)

Back 40

framework 1-3
CDR 1, 2 part of 3

Front 41

kappa light chain J domain contains (2)

Back 41

part of CDR 3
framework 4

Front 42

first step in heavy chain expression

Back 42

D-J recombination

Front 43

second step in heavy chain expression

Back 43

V-DJ recombination

Front 44

third step in heavy chain expression

Back 44

introns spliced out of mRNA

Front 45

first step in light chain expression

Back 45

V-J recombination

Front 46

second step in light chain expression

Back 46

introns spliced out of mRNA

Front 47

___ (2) are the enzymes which do Ig recombination

Back 47

RAG1
RAG2

Front 48

RAG knows how to recombine the right segments because of ___s.

Back 48

recombination signal sequence (RSS)

Front 49

lambda chain V segment RSS consist of ___ (3). ___ (2) are conserved

Back 49

heptamer + 23 + nonamer
heptamer
nonamer

Front 50

lambda chain J segment RSS consists of ___ (3). ___ (2) are complementary to V segment sequences.

Back 50

nonamer + 12 + heptamer
nonamer
heptamer

Front 51

kappa chain V segment RSS consists of ___ (3). kappa chain J segment RSS consists of ___ (3).

Back 51

heptamer + 12 + nonamer
nonamer + 23 + heptamer

Front 52

heavy chain V segment RSS consists of ___ (3). D segment 5' RSS consists of ___ (3). D segment 3' RSS consists of ___ (3). J segment RSS consist of ___ (3).

Back 52

heptamer + 23 + nonamer
nonamer + 12 + heptamer
heptamer + 12 + nonamer
nonamer + 23 + heptamer

Front 53

to protect ends of coding joint from nucleases, RAGs create ___.

Back 53

hairpin loops

Front 54

light chains have ___ nucleotides, but not ___ nucleotides

Back 54

P
N

Front 55

TdT is aka ___ and makes ___ in ___ chains.

Back 55

deoxynucleotidyl transferase
N nucleotides
heavy

Front 56

N nucleutides are added after ___

Back 56

hairpin cleavage

Front 57

the heavy chain locus can not undergo secondary recombination, because ___

Back 57

no backup D segments remain

Front 58

first ___ chain recombines, then ___

Back 58

heavy
light

Front 59

Ig isotype is determined by ___

Back 59

C region selected

Front 60

mu chain is first to be expressed because ___

Back 60

mu locus is farthest to 5' end

Front 61

the ___ locus dictates that the Ig will be mIg, and the ___ locus dictates that it will be sIg. selection between the two is done by ___

Back 61

MC
SC
mRNA splicing

Front 62

immature B cells express Ig___. naive mature B cells express Ig___ (2).

Back 62

IgM
IgM
IgD

Front 63

2 kinds of variation in Ig constant region

Back 63

isotypic
allotypic

Front 64

variation in variable region is called

Back 64

idiotypic

Front 65

the ___ on IgA is part of ___ and is added in the process of ___. it functions to ___.

Back 65

secretory component
poly Ig receptor
transcytosis
protect IgA from degradation

Front 66

Ig avidity is a function of ___ (2)

Back 66

affinity
valency

Front 67

3 ways to trigger complement system

Back 67

classical
mannose binding lectin
alternative

Front 68

classical pathway is triggered when ___ binds to ___ (3)

Back 68

C1 complex
Ab-Ag complex
bacterial surface
CRP

Front 69

MBL pathway is triggered when ___ binds to ___ on ___ (2)

Back 69

MBL
regularly spaced mannose residues
bacteria
viruses

Front 70

alternative pathway is triggered when ___ binds to ___. on pathogen cells, ___ allows stabilization of ___, which causes ___.

Back 70

spontaneously cleaved C3
factor B
properdin (factor P)
C3 convertase
opsonization

Front 71

the main opsonin produced by complement is ___. the main inflammatory chemokines are ___ (2).

Back 71

C3b
C3a
C5a

Front 72

2 ways C1 can be activated by Abs

Back 72

binding IgM
binding at least 2 IgGs

Front 73

the Ig which activates C1q most effectively is

Back 73

IgM

Front 74

2 roles of C3b

Back 74

opsonin
part of C5 convertase

Front 75

complement receptor CR1 is present on (5). it triggers ___.

Back 75

neutrophils
macrophage
B cells
dendritic cells
RBC
phagocytosis

Front 76

complement factors triggering chemotaxis (3)

Back 76

C3a
C3bBb
C5a

Front 77

complement factors triggering inflammation (4)

Back 77

C2b
C3a
C4a
C5a

Front 78

___ light chain is only recombined if ___ chain recombination fails.

Back 78

lambda
kappa

Front 79

control of initiation is done by ___

Back 79

restricting DNA accebility, e.g. by imprinting

Front 80

CD43 is ___ in pro-B cells and ___ in pre-B cells

Back 80

+
-

Front 81

B220 is ___ in pro-B cells and ___ in pre-B cells

Back 81

+
+