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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 isotypes of antibodys?
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IgG,A,M,E,D
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What are the 2 phases of humoral response that antibodies are involved in and what do they do in each?
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Recognition: Antibodies on B-cells act as antigen receptors
Effector: Antibodies are produced and secreted by B cells |
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T\F Antibodies are the strongest of the bodies immune responses against extracellular microbes?
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False they are the ONLY response against EM's
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What are the components of the basic antibody structure?
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2 IDENTICAL light chains
2 IDENTICAL Heavy chains |
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What function does the hinge region of the antibody have?
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give antibodies flexibility
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What are the 2 different regions of light and heavy chains?
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The have constant and variable regions
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What part of antibodies are responsible for antibody binding?
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Vh and Vl
These are the variable regions of antibodies |
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T\F Antibodies secreted by different B cell clones are all the same?
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False different B cells clone antibodies have different specificities
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When is antibody diversity generated/?
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During B cell development
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What compare the constant regions of the heavy and light chains?
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H constant regions determine the isotype of antibodies and L constant regions are composed of 2 amino acid sequences (K-60% and λ-40%)
that have same function |
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What determines if Ig's are in the same super gene family?
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They share a degree of sequence homology
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What is a Ig motif and what can motifs tell you about Ig origin?
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Motif= opposing B-pleated sheet stabilized by disulfide bonds
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How are Ig heavy and light chain structure held together?
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disulfide bonds
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What are the 3 types of fragments that can be generated by Ig cleavage?
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Fab-antigen binding fragment
C-Constant(crystallizable) fragment Bivalent fragment |
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What are the 2 types of cleavages of an Ig and what types of fragments do they generate? Where is cleavage?
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Papain cleav>> Constant and antigen binding frag
-cleavage is above disulfide bonds Pepsin cleavage>>>bivalent frag -below disulfide bond |
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What types glycoproteins are cell- surface antibodies of B CELLS? Function?
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Integral membrane glycoproteins that function as B cell receptor for antigen.
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What are the 2 places that cell surface antibodies are found? Function?
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B cells(b cell receptor) AS INTEGRAL PROTEIN
Surface of other immune cells with antibody receptor(Fc), Function in activation of the particular immune cells(mast, monocytes, NK cells etc) |
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Where are secreted antibody forms found?
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Interstitial fluid, mucosal secretions, Plasma
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What is the term for plasma with detectable amount of antibodies?
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antiserum
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What are the components of the B cell receptor complex?
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integral membrane Ig(BCR) and signaling portion(Ig-α\Ig-β)
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What does binding of an antigen(immunogen) cause that activates the BCR?
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Causes crosslinking
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T\F all antibodies can activate complement?
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false only certain classes
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T\F complement is an important factor in immune response to BACTERIAL infection?
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True
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Define neutralization?
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inactivation of a microbes toxins or infectivity
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How do antibodies mechanically inhibit microbes\viruses?
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Binding of Ig to microbe\virus surface inhibits the binding to host surface for colonization\infection
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What is opsonization and what type of bacteria is it especially useful for?
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Aids in phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils and really useful for encapsulated microbes(slippery)
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What is antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity?
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When immune cells have cytotoxic responses to antigens that are bound to antibodies that they recognize
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What cells have Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity?
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Macrophages, Monocytes, neutrophils, Nk cells and eosinophils
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How do antibodies aid in mast cell\basophil degranulation?
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Mast cells have high affinity antibody receptros that bind to antibodies and when 2 adjacent antibodies-receptors bind to antigen(crosslinked)
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What Ig to mast cells, eosinophil and basophils specifically bind to?
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IgE
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What is opsonization and what type of bacteria is it especially useful for?
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Aids in phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils and really useful for encapsulated microbes(slippery)
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What is antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity?
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When immune cells have cytotoxic responses to antigens that are bound to antibodies that they recognize
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What cells have Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity?
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Macrophages, Monocytes, neutrophils, Nk cells and eosinophils
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How do antibodies aid in mast cell\basophil degranulation?
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Mast cells have high affinity antibody receptros that bind to antibodies and when 2 adjacent antibodies-receptors bind to antigen(crosslinked)
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What Ig to mast cells and basophils specifically bind to?
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IgE
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What is the difference between the Fc(Ig receptors) for Mast\Basophil\eosinophils vs NK cells?
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M\B\E is high affinity and Nk cells Fc is low affinity
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What Ig do NK cells respond to?
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IgG
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What is the only Ig that is SECRETED as a pentamer?
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IgM
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What are the following characteristics of IgG's:
Serum Half life interstitial fluid level |
5 days
Low in interstitial fluid due to large size |
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What is the first antibody to be secreted during a primary response?
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IgM
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What is the difference between the Fc(Ig receptors) for Mast\Basophil\eosinophils vs NK cells?
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M\B\E is high affinity and Nk cells Fc is low affinity
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What Ig do NK cells respond to?
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IgG
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What is the only Ig that is secreted as a pentamer?
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IgM
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What are the following characteristics of IgG's:
Serum Half life interstitial fluid level |
5 days
Low in interstitial fluid due to large size |
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What is the first antibody to be secreted during a primary response?
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IgM
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What are 2 very important characteristics of IgM regarding complement activation and B-cell receptors?
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Potent complement activators
IgM is on Naive B cells in monomeric form |
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What is the most abundant class of Ig in serum? half life?
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IgG, 25 days
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What Ig's sensitize Nk cells for killing(ADCC)?
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IgG
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What is the predominante Ig secreted during memory responses?
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IgG
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What are the 4 major functions of IgG's?
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G- MACO
Predom. Memory Ig Activates compliment Crosses placenta(fetal immunity) Opsonizes |
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What is the most common IgG subclass deficiencys and what is the manifestation?
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IgG3(opsinization)
recurrent infections |
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What is the difference in form of secreted and serum IgA?
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Secreted is a dimer and serum is a monomer
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What is the most important function of IgA?
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It is the predominant Ig of external secretion. Saliva, tears. Acts as a NEURALIZING antibody on mucosal surfaces
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Where is IgA predominantly produced?
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MALT and tonsils
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What IgA has the largest daily secretion?
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IgA
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What causes IgA deficiency? Common problems associated
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Block in B cell differentiation. GI and respiratory infections and ALLERGIES
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What are the Ig levels of other Ig's in IgA deficiency?
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IgG and IgM are normal and IgA is low=IgA deficiency
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Serum percentage of IgE? Half life? Function?
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<1%, 2-3 days, Binds M\B\E cells and triggers inflammatory mediator secretion when crosslinked by antigen
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What is the difference in response illicted by an IgE bound to a Allergen vs any other antigen?
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Allergens cause immediate hypersensitivity response
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What is the serum % of IgD and half life? Function
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<1%, 3 days, B cell activation along with IgM by serving as membrane bound antigen receptor on naive B cells
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