Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the two types of immunizations
|
1) passive
2) active |
|
|
Describe passive immunization, when it is used, and if there is a memory response or not.
|
When you inject PREFORMED ABS into an individual
used when need IMMEDIATE RESPONSE No memory response |
|
|
Describe active immunization and if there is a memory response or not
|
immunity obtained either through INFECTION or a VACCINE
You DO develop a memory response |
|
|
Three types of vaccines
|
attenuated
inactivated toxoid |
|
|
Effect of vaccination can depend on immune status. What are common two factors regarding immune status
|
AGE & if patient is IMMUNOSUPRESSED
|
|
|
What are positives and negative of attenuated vaccines
|
POSITIVES
-lasts longer in body -Generally don’t need boosters -Stimulates both CMI and humoral immunity NEGATIVES May REVERT to pathogenic strain May cause disease in IMMUNOSUPRESSED |
|
|
What are attenuated vaccines
|
non-pathogenic live organsims
|
|
|
What are Inactivated vaccines
|
killed organism by hemical inactivation or exposure to g-irradiation
|
|
|
Why are inactivated vaccines not as effective as attenuated
|
-Usually requires MULTIPLE BOOSTERS
-Ags may be slightly altered -doesn’t stay in body as long -Primarily a B cell response |
|
|
What are purified macromolecule vaccines
|
Inactivated toxins (toxoids)
or Bacterial capsular polysaccharides |
|
|
Describe immune response to purified macromolecule vaccines
|
-May get B cell activation without T cell help
-TI-2 -IgM antibodies with little to no memory response |
|
|
Often purified macromolecule vaccines make use of _________ where conjugate Ag to protein carrier
E.g.,Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide linked to tetanus toxoid (protein) |
HAPTEN-CARRIER-EFFECT
|
