Immunizations And Communicable Diseases

Front 1

Define Immunobiologicals

Back 1

Antigenic substance or antibody containing preparations from human or animal donors

Front 2

What is an antigen?

Back 2

Live or inactivated substance capable of producing an immune response
- the "bad thing" invading your body

Front 3

What is an antibody?

Back 3

Protein molecule produced by B lymphocytes to help eliminate an antigen

Front 4

What are the 2 categories of vaccines?

Back 4

- Live attenuated
- Inactivated

Front 5

___________ are made of dead microorganisms and _________ are made of weakened microorganism.

Back 5

1. Inactivated vaccine
2. Live attenuated vaccine

Front 6

Which vaccine, live attenuated or inactivated, gives you a stronger immune response?

Back 6

Live attenuated

Front 7

What is active immunity?

Back 7

When immunity is acquired through receiving the vaccine or becoming sick with the disease/illness

Front 8

What is passive immunity?

Back 8

When immunity is acquired from a mother to the fetus and from receiving immunoglobulins

Front 9

Immunoglobulins are given when? which diseases do they protect against?

Back 9

- When a person has already been exposed to the disease
- Measles and Hep A

Front 10

True or False
There are 7 general rules on immunization.

Back 10

True

Front 11

The more similar a vaccine is to the natural disease, the ______ the immune response to the vaccine.

Back 11

Better

Front 12

Which kind of vaccine can be affected by circulating antibodies?

Back 12

Live attenuated

Front 13

Can you give 2 or more vaccines on the same day?

Back 13

Yes

Front 14

A child is schedule for 2 live vaccines but for whatever reason only one is given, can the patient come back the next week to get the other one?

Back 14

No, you have to wait 4 weeks to give the other one.

Front 15

True or False
Inactivated vaccines require multiple doses and possible periodic boosting to maintain immunity.

Back 15

True

Front 16

When giving multiple doses or boosters is it better to give the same brand for each one?

Back 16

Yes, but do not have to

Front 17

Is it ok to decrease the interval time between multiple doses of a vaccine?

Back 17

No, but ok to increase the interval time

Front 18

What guidelines do nurses follow for vaccine schedule and catch up?

Back 18

CDC puts out a schedule annually

Front 19

What % of vaccines happen by age 2?

Back 19

90%

Front 20

What are the adverse reactions following live attenuated vaccines?

Back 20

Similar to a mild form of the natural disease

Front 21

What are the adverse reactions following an inactivated vaccine?

Back 21

Mostly local and may occur with or without fever

Front 22

When is a vaccine contraindicated?

Back 22

When a severe reaction will be given

Front 23

When is precaution with a vaccine given?

Back 23

When there is a chance of reaction or compromise ability of vaccine to produce immunity

Front 24

What are 2 true contraindications?

Back 24

- Severe allergic reaction to a vaccine component or after a prior dose of vaccine
- Encephalopathy without a known case within 7 days of a dose of pertussis vaccine

Front 25

If encephalopathy occurs after a pertussis vaccination, can you give other pertussis containing vaccines again?

Back 25

No, but can give other vaccines

Front 26

If patient is allergic to neomycin, they can not recieve what vaccines?

Back 26

- MMR
- Varicella
- IPV
- Smallpox

Front 27

If a patient is allergic to eggs they can not receive what vaccines?

Back 27

- Inactivated Flu
- Yellow Fever

Front 28

If a patient is allergic to baker's yeast what vaccine can they not receive?

Back 28

Hep B

Front 29

If a patient is allergic to Streptomycin they can not receive what vaccines?

Back 29

- IPV
- Smallpox

Front 30

If a patient is allergic to aluminum they can not receive what vaccine?

Back 30

Hep A

Front 31

If a patient is allergic to gelatin they can not receive what vaccine?

Back 31

- MMR
- Varicella

Front 32

If a patient is allergic to latex allergy with rubber vial tops or syringes with rubber plunger tips they can not receive what vaccines?

Back 32

ALL

Front 33

If a patient is allergic to polymixin B what vaccine can they not be given?

Back 33

- IPV
- Smallpox

Front 34

What are 4 TEMPORARY contraindication/precautions?

Back 34

- Immunosuppression
- Pregnancy
- Moderate to severe illness
- Recent receipt of antibody containing products

Front 35

Is it ok to give inactivated vaccines to immunosuppressed, pregnant, and/or recent receipts of antibody containing products?

Back 35

Yes

Front 36

Which vaccines are live ?

Back 36

- Live influenza
- MMR
- Varicella

Front 37

Are all vaccine refrigerated or frozen?

Back 37

Yes

Front 38

How is DTaP adminstered, IM or SubQ?

Back 38

IM

Front 39

What documentation is required by law of a vaccine?

Back 39

- Date given
- Name of vaccine
- Manufacturer
- Dose
- Lot number
- Expiration date
- Site given at
- Signature/title

Front 40

Can a patient use oral Benadryl and Caladryl lotion together?

Back 40

NO, can overdose

Front 41

How is Hep B acquired? Is there a vaccine to prevent it?

Back 41

- Transmitted through blood exchange, hempdialysis, sexual contact, and high risk behaviors
- Yes, Hep B vaccine

Front 42

How is Hep A acquired? Is there a vaccine to prevent it?

Back 42

- Acquired via fecal-oral route either person to person or contaminated food/water
- Yes, Hep A vaccine

Front 43

How is Diphtheria acquired? Is there a vaccine to prevent it?

Back 43

- Acquired via airborne particles, resembles a cold
- Yes, diphtheria vaccine (DTaP)

Front 44

How is Tetanus acquired? Is there a vaccine to prevent it?

Back 44

- Acquired via open wound
- Yes, Tetanus vaccine (DTaP)

Front 45

How is Pertussis acquired? Is there a vaccine to prevent it?

Back 45

- Direct contact or droplets
- Yes, pertussis vaccine (DTaP)

Front 46

What is another name for Pertussis?

Back 46

Whooping cough

Front 47

Is there a vaccine for Haemophilus Influenza type B (HIB)? what was it originally made for?

Back 47

- Yes, HIB vaccine
- Meningitis

Front 48

How is scarlet fever acquired? Is there a vaccine?

Back 48

- Airborne, direct contact
- No vaccine

Front 49

Does Roseola Infantum (3 day fever) have a vaccine?

Back 49

No

Front 50

Can the mumps make men sterile?

Back 50

Yes

Front 51

What are the 3 diseases that do not have a vaccine?

Back 51

- Erythema infectiosum (slap cheek)
- Roseola Infantum (3-day fever)
- Scarlet fever

Front 52

What vaccines are given at 2, 4, and 6 months?

Back 52

- Hep B
- RV
- DTaP
- Hib
- PCV
- IPV

Front 53

What vaccines are given at 6- 18 months?

Back 53

- Hep B
- IPV

Front 54

What vaccines are given at 12-15 months?

Back 54

- Hib
- PCV
- MMR
- Varicella

Front 55

When does a child get a flu vaccine? At what age can they start to get them?

Back 55

Yearly
6 months

Front 56

What vaccine is given at 15-18 months?

Back 56

DTaP

Front 57

What vaccines are given at 4-6 yrs?

Back 57

- DTaP
- IPV
- MMR
- Varicella

Front 58

What vaccines are given at 11-12 yrs?

Back 58

- Tdap
- HPV (3 doses) females
- MCV4

Front 59

How often do you get Tdap?

Back 59

Once every 10 years

Front 60

When do females get the HPV vaccine? males?

Back 60

Females: 11-12 yrs
Males: 9-18 yrs

Front 61

An adolescent (7-18) gets how many doses of MMR? Hep B?

Back 61

MMR: 1 dose
Hep B: 3 doses