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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A substance found in nature foreign to a host that can stimulate an immune response. Most are a protein (peptides); some also have a carbohydrate or lipid component, or nucleic acids.
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antigen; immunogen
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Proteins secreted in response to antigens that recognize and bind to the antigen. There are 5 kinds: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE.
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antibodies; immunoglobulins
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An immunoglobulin (antibody) that crosses the placenta and transfers immunity from mother to fetus. Protects against bacteria, toxins, and viruses in body fluids. Activates the complement system. Composes 75% of all immunoglobulins.
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IgG antibodies (gamma globulins)
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Immunoglobulin found in saliva, tears, colostrum, GI, bronchial, prostatic, and vaginal secretions; protects mucus membranes by preventing the attachment of viruses and bacteria to epithelial cells.
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IgA immunoglobulins
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Immunglobulin that cannot cross the placenta. It is a macromolecule that forms a polymer of 5 basic immunoglobulin units. The first antibody to appear in response to an antigen, the first made by a newborn. If it exists in a newborn it indicates in utero or newborn infection. Forms natural antibodies such as for ABO blood antigens. Activates complement.
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IgM immunglobulins (antibodies)
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Immunoglobulin found on the cell membrane of B lymphocytes; needed for maturation of B cells.
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IgD immunoglobulin
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Immunoglobulin involved in inflammation, allergic responses, and combating parasitic infections. Binds to mast cells and basophils triggering them to release histamine and other mediators of inflammation. Makes up the least amount of all antibodies - 0.004%.
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IgE immunoglobulins
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Protection the body provides itself from infectious disease.
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immunity
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The collective, coordinated response of cells and molecules of the immune system.
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immune response
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Natural resistance with which a person is born through physical, chemical, and cellular approaches. Epithelium, mucous membranes, cytokines, antimicrobial substances, fever, and phagocytic cells.
Unable to discriminate among microorganisms. No memory. |
innate or nonspecific immunity
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Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, Protozoa, Parasites
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Microbial Antigens
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Plant pollens, Poison Ivy resin, Insect venom, Transplanted organs
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Nonmicrobial Antigens
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Immune system able to discriminate among microorganisms; memory.
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Specific Immunity
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