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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what was one major worry for the T. R. in winter?
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in the winter, worried about dynamite-caused avalanches
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What were some of the injustices against chinese people on the T.R.?
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chinese made to work harder
do dangerous jobs( nytroglycerine, dynamite) work harder than others |
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What is Nytroglycerin?
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an explosive, highly dangerous liquid that was used to blast through solid rock
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What is Gum Shan?
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It means moutain of gold in chinese
it was a name for america to poor chinese |
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At the start of the Civil War, how much railroad track was in the U.S.? Where?
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35,000 miles, mostly in the northeast
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What did railroads make easier?
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travel and trade
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Why did people want a transcontienental railroad?
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It would open up western land to farmers, allow miners to transport gold and other resourses east, expand travel, communication, and trade around the entire country
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What does transcontinental mean?
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across a continent
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What was the Homestead act?
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let citizens and permanent immigrants to claim 160 acres of public land for $10 fee
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When was the Homestead act passed?
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1862
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What was the Pacific Railway Act?
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it was an act that provided the money for the building of the T. R.
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When was the Pacific Railway Act passed?
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1862
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How were the Pacific Railway and Homestead acts connected?
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building the railroad would allow people to more easily claim and develope land out west
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Who was in charge of building the T. R.?
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The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad Companies
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Where was the Union Pacific based? Where would it build from?
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the east
Omaha, Nebraska |
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Where was the Central Pacific Based? Where would it build from?
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California
Sactamento, California |
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How did the government increase competition between the two companies?
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it provided loans of $65 million for building, paid each company according to miles of track they laid, gave away 10 sq. miles of public land for each mile of track
later increased to 20 sq. miles |
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The Central Pacific was ready to start building by the end of______.
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1862
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who was in charge of construction and recruiting workers for the Central Pacific?
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Charles Crocker
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Why did hiring prove difficult for Crocker?
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most of the men in calafornia were busy mining gold
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Why did most men not want to work on the T.R.?
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the work was lonley, hard, and seperate from friends and family
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What ethnic group did Crocker ignore? Why?
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The chinese people
he thought that they were small, weak, and not up to hard labor |
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Who did the Union Pacific Railroad Company hire?
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ex-Cilvil War Soldiers who had nothing else to do, and Irish Immigrants
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Why did many Chinese leave China?
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wars, rebellions, poverty,
thought that in America they would have fine houses, best of best clothing, food, lots of money |
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What did some chinese do in America?
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some were skilled workers, blacksmiths, doctors, engeneers, carpenters, provide service for miners
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Where did most chinese come from? Who were they?
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poor provinces left poverty-stricken by war, famine, overpopulation
poor, uneducated, young |
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What was the Taiping Rebellion?
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a rebellion that lasted 14 years, killed millions, leaving severe poverty in its wake
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When was the Taiping Rebellion?
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1850-1864
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Were the Chinese welcome?
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They were until gold became scarese, white miners blamed it on them
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What was the Foreign Miner's Liscence law?
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It was a tax on non-citizen miners for liscence
$20 |
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What was the result of the Foreign Miner's Liscence Law?
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Chinese left mining camps and went to cities to find work. Cities were filled up with many poor people,: law removed in 1851
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When was the Foreign Miner's liscence law made?
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1850
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What was the Foreign Miner's Tax?
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it was a tax of $3 per month on non-citizen miners
later raised to $4 |
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When was the Foreign Miner's Tax made?
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1852
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Why Couldn't chinese immigrants become citizens?
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a law in 1790 sais that only white immigrants are allowed to apply for citizenship
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what were the chinese worker's habits on the T.R.?
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they bathed regularly, drank boiled water only, ate a healthy diet of dried fruit &fish, rice, vegtables noodles, dried bamboo shoots
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how did the chinese worker's habbits save them?
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most did not contract scurvy or dysentery
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