Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
quality assurance deals with _____
|
people
|
|
|
_________ is more tangible and obvious than QA.
|
Quality Control
|
|
|
Quality control deals with _____ and _____
|
instrumentation and equipment
|
|
|
Each new piece of radiologic equipment should be _____ _____ before it is applied clinically.
|
acceptance tested
|
|
|
T/F
The acceptance testing of new equipment should be performed by only the manufacturer representatives. |
False
Should be done by someone other than the manufacturers representative |
|
|
If the patients ultimate disease or condition does not agree with the radiologists diagnosis this is an issue with __________
|
outcome analysis
|
|
|
An acceptable Quality Control program consists of what three steps?
|
acceptance testing
routine performance monitoring preventative maintenance |
|
|
QC is principally the responsibility of the _______
|
medical physicist
|
|
|
Three tools to measure focal spot size?
|
pinhole camera
Star pattern Slit camera |
|
|
The standard tool for measurement of effective focal spot size is the _______
|
Slit camera
|
|
|
required x-ray beam filtration
|
2.5 mm Al
|
|
|
it is normally not possible to measure filtration directly so the _______ of the x-ray beam is measured instead.
|
half value layer (HVL)
|
|
|
Filtration should be evaluated _________, or at any time a change has occurred in the x-ray tube or tube housing.
|
annually
|
|
|
What is the permitted radiographic collimator misalignment
|
+/- 2 % SID
|
|
|
most systems today are equipped with ______ collimators.
|
positive beam limiting
(PBL) |
|
|
__________ of a imaging system is determined by the focal spot size of the x-ray tube.
|
spatial resolution
|
|
|
An acceptable alternative to focal spot size measurement is use of a __________ to determine limiting spatial frequency.
|
line pair test tool
|
|
|
The measured KVP of a system, should be within _____ % of the indicated KVP.
|
+/- 10 %
|
|
|
Exposure timer accuracy should be within _____ % of the indicated time for exposure times greater than 10 ms
|
+/- 5 %
|
|
|
Accuracy of _____ % is acceptable for exposure times of 10 ms or less.
|
+/- 20%
|
|
|
_________ are designed to provide a constant OD regardless of tissue thickness, composition, or failure of the reciprocity law.
|
AEC
|
|
|
AEC systems are evaluated by exposing an IR through various thicknesses of ______ or ______.
|
aluminum or acrylic.
|
|
|
insertion of _____ allows one to adequately assess the functioning of the backup timer.
|
lead filter
|
|
|
If the phototimer fails, the backup timer should terminate the exposure at ______ or ______, whichever comes first.
|
6 s or 600 mAs
|
|
|
ability of a radiographic unit to produce a constant radiation output for various combinations of mA and exposure time is called _______
|
exposure linearity
|
|
|
exposure linearity is determined by a ___________________
|
precision radiation dosimeter
|
|
|
exposure linearity must be within ____ % for adjacent mA stations
|
+/- 10 %
|
|
|
sequential radiation exposures should be reproducible to within ______
|
+/- 5 %
|
|
|
exposure reproducibility is measured using a ________
|
precision radiation dosimeter
|
|
|
What two methods are available to evaluate exposure reproducibility?
|
1.) 3 exposures, failure is usually kVp related
2.) 10 exposures with constant technique factors |
|
|
Intensifying screens should be cleaned no less then _______
|
every other month
|
|
|
viewbox illumination should be analyzed photometrically with an instrument called a _______
|
photometer
|
|
|
Film illuminator bulb intensity should be at least _______ and should not vary by more than _____ %
|
1500 cd/m^2
+/- 10% |
|
|
What is ESE
|
entrance skin exposure
|
|
|
What's the procedure for replacing film illuminator bulbs?
|
replace all of them, not just one.
match to the type of bulb used in adjacent illuminators |
|
|
under normal operation, the ESE rate shall not exceed _____
|
10 R/min
|
|
|
Whats the allowed ESE for interventional procedures?
|
20 R/min
|
|
|
unlimited exposure rates are permitted for recorded fluoroscopy, such as ____________
|
cineradiography
|
|
|
An entrance skin exposure of approx. ______ mR may be assumed for a cassette spot film
|
200
|
|
|
An entrance skin exposure of approx. ____ mR may be assumed for a photofluorospot
|
100
|
|
|
Fluoroscopic ABC should be evaluated _____
|
annually
|
|
|
Quality control measurements for conventional tomography are to ensure the characteristics evaluated remain ______
|
constant
|
|
|
T/F
Precise performance standards do not exist for conventional tomography |
True
|
|
|
In conventional tomography, agreement between the indicated level and the measured level should be within _____ mm.
|
+/- 5mm
|
|
|
How is section uniformity evaluated in tomography QC?
|
By imaging a hole in a lead sheet
(image tracing of the hole should be uniform, no variations, no gaps, no overlaps. |
|
|
incrementing from one tomographic section to the next, the section level should be accurate to within _____
|
+/- 2mm
|
|
|
Cross over racks should be cleaned _____
|
daily
|
|
|
How often should the developer temperature be checked?
|
daily
|
|
|
How often should the wash water be checked?
|
daily
|
|
|
How often should the sensitometry and densitometry be monitored?
|
daily
|
|
|
How often should the processor be scheduled for lubrication?
|
Weekly or Monthly
|
|
|
How often should the entire rack assembly and processing tanks be cleaned?
|
weekly
|
|
|
How often should the belts, pulleys, and gears be checked?
|
weekly
|
|
|
refers to routine procedures done weekly/monthly
|
scheduled maintenance
|
|
|
A planned program of parts replacement at regular intervals. Requires that a part be replaced before it fails.
|
preventative maintenance
|
|
|
The worst kind of maintenance, Failure in a system that requires immediate repair.
|
nonscheduled maintenance
|
|
|
the follow-up of patient reports to see that the diagnosis was correct
|
outcome analysis
|
|
|
measurement used to ensure adequate filtration of the x-ray beam
|
minimum half-value layer
|
|
|
Whats does CRCPD stand for?
|
Council of radiation control Program Directors
|
|
|
What does the CRCPD do?
|
Formulate state radiation regulations
(50 directors of state radiation control programs and staff) |
|
|
Who prescribed the 10-step program?
|
TJC ( the joint commission)
|
|
|
What purpose does the 10 step program serve?
|
10 actions required to help ensure proper patient management
|
|
|
What's CQI stand for?
|
continuous quality improvement
|
|
|
the part of quality assurance that deals with the performance of imaging systems.
|
quality control
|
|
|
Name the people on the diagnostic imaging QC team?
|
Supervising radiologist, QC tech, medical physicist
|
|
|
What is the permitted variation of radiographic reproducibility?
|
+/- 5 %
|
|
|
What is used to clean intensifying screens?
|
soft line free cloth
cleaning solution provided by manufacturer |
|
|
how often is lead apparel checked?
|
annually
|
|
|
How do we ensure kvp accuracy ?
|
with the use a of a dedicated kVp meter. Accurate within 1 KVP
|
|
|
What is the unit of luminance of a viewbox?
|
candela per meter squared or nit
|
|
|
importance of preventative maintenance
|
reduces nonscheduled maintenance
|
|
|
What tools are used for processor monitoring?
|
sensitometer, densitometer, thermometer
|
|
|
Which two measurement elements for radiographic systems share a +/- 10 % tolerance?
|
exposure linearity & calibration of KVP
|
|
|
Which measurement element for radiographic systems has the highest tolerance percentage?
|
focal spot size @ +/- 50%
|
|
|
As KVp increases Entrance Skin Exposure (mR) __________
|
Decreases
|
|
|
Some insurance carries pay for services only from facilities with an approved ______ program.
|
Quality Control
|
|
|
Collimation should be evaluated _________
|
semi-annually
|
|
|
The star pattern for focal spot size measurement is easy to use, but has limitations for focal spot sizes less than _____
|
0.3 mm
|
|
|
What does the image of a line-pair test pattern measure when using as an alternative for focal spot size.
|
limiting spatial frequency
|
|
|
outcome analysis is the __________ responsibility
|
radiologists
|
|
|
To evaluate the accuracy of KVP, most medical physicists use one of a # of devices that are based on ________ or ______
|
filtered ion chambers or filtered photodiodes.
|
