Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Dx:
Edema, lipiduria, foamy urine, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercoagulation, protein in urine |
Nephrotic syndrome
|
|
|
Dx:
"Maltese crosses" in urine |
cholesterol in urine
(Nephrotic syndrome) |
|
|
Why does the nephrotic syndrome pt have edema?
hypercoaguability? |
Edema - decrease ion serum proteins and oncotic pressure
Hypercoag - loss of Proteins C and S and antithrombin III |
|
|
Dx:
child w/ epithelial foot process loss on EM Tx? |
Minimal Change Dz
Tx: steroids |
|
|
Dx:
glomerular scarring involving limited number of glomeruli w/ IgG and complement deposition Most common in what patients? (5) |
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Common in (Halt MID Stream): HIV; Men (younger) w/ HTN IV drug users; DM; Sickle cell |
Halt MID Stream
|
|
What can Focal Glomerulosclerosis lead to?
(2) Tx? |
HTN and Chronic Renal Dz
Tx: Cyclophosphamide |
|
|
First line of Tx for all Nephrotic syndrome
|
Protein and NaCl restriction
|
|
|
Dx:
MCC of Nephrotic Syndrome in adults that is slow to progress and has little response to steroids Etiology? (6) |
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Etiology (SHIT): SLE / Syphilis; HBV / HCV; Idiopathic; Tumor |
|
|
Rule of thirds for Membranous GN
|
1/3 get CRF
1/3 have spontaneous remission 1/3 remain nephrotic w/o pregression |
|
|
Tx for Membranous GN
(2) |
Cyclophosphamide
Chlorambucil |
|
|
Dx:
Abrupt onset hematuria w/ RBC casts, smoky-brown urine, proteinuria, hypertension, edema and azotemia (low GRF) |
Acute Glomerulonephritis
(Nephritic syndrome) |
|
|
Dx:
presents 2 weeks after pharyngitis or impetigo w/ dark urine and edema |
Poststrep. GN
|
|
|
Deposition of what causes glomerular damage in poststrep GN?
Tx? |
Deposition of IgG, C3 and C4 in a grandular pattern
Tx underlying infection |
|
|
Dx:
hematuria immediately after an infection or exercise |
IgA nephropathy
(Berger's Dz) |
|
|
what (and where) is the immune complex deposition of IgA nephropathy?
|
Mesangeal deposition of IgA and C3
|
|
|
Dx:
immune deposits on BM cause it to look double-layered what is it associated w/? (2) |
Membranoproliferative
("Tram-track" appearance) Assoc w/: Hepatitis C Cryoglobinemia |
|
|
How is type I membranoproliferative different then type II?
|
Type I:
slowly progressive Type II: low serum C3 due to Auto-Ab vs C3 |
|
|
Tx of Membranoproliferative for adults (2) and kids
|
Adults:
ASA Dipyridimole Kids: Steroids |
|
|
Dx:
Fulminant renal failure w/ proteinuria, hematuria and RBC casts and epithelial cell proliferation in glomeruli (2 names) |
Rapidly Progressive GN
(Cresentric GN) |
|
|
(3) types of Rapidly Progressive GN
|
1. Pauci-Immune RPGN
2. Immune complex RPGN 3. Anti-glomerular BM Ab Dz |
|
|
Serum marker for Pauci-Immune RPGN
|
ANCA positive
(Wegner's = c-ANCA) (polyarteritis nodosa = p-ANCA) |
|
|
Etiology of Immune Complex RPGN
(5) |
SPLIT:
Syphilis; Post-strep GN; Lupus nephritis; IgA nephritis; Tumors |
SPLIT
|
|
another name for Anti-GMB Ab disease
what cells cause problem? |
Goodpasture's disease
Cytotoxic T-cells (CD-8) |
|
|
Tx for all RPGN
(2) what percent go on to end-stage renal disease? |
Tx:
steroids cyclophosphamide 80% |
|
|
Renal involvement w/ Lupus type I - V
Which has "wire-loop" abnormality? |
I: no renal involvement
II: Focal-Segmental III: Focal-Proliferative IV: Diffuse Proliferative (most severe - wire-loop) V: Membranous |
|
|
MCC of End-Stage Renal Dz
What is the early manifestation? What do Bx show? |
Diabetes
starts w/ microalbuminuria Bx: Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules |
|
|
Dx:
palpable purpura on buttocks and legs of kids, abdominal pain, vomiting, hematuria and GI bleeding |
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
|
|
|
Dx:
Tubule plugging w/ Bence-Jones proteins what electrolyte disorder from Dx also leads to kidney trouble? What causes pt to go into CRF? |
Multiple myeloma
Hypercalcemia E.Coli infection of kidney from abnormal Ab production |
|