Im 341 Module 4 Vocab

Front 1

Binary Relationship

Back 1

relationships between instances of two different entities

Front 2

Business event risk

Back 2

results in errors and irregularities dealing with resources, agents and locations
• Ex. business event occurring without proper authorization.
• Ex. business event occurring at the wrong time or sequence

Front 3

Business Process

Back 3

A process comprised of events in order to accomplish a specific task
• Ex. OTC, Procurement, and Conversion

Front 4

Candidate keys

Back 4

meets the criteria for being a primary key, every primary key is a candidate key, but every candidate key is not a primary key
• Ex. Student ID = primary key
• Ex. Social Security # = candidate key but not primary key as it is not used due to security laws

Front 5

Cardinalities

Back 5

means of more precisely representing business process rules and characteristics affected by characteristics governing the process as well as entity relationships

Front 6

Cardinality Constraints

Back 6

the number of instances of one entity that can or must be associated with each instance of another entity
• Minimum Cardinality
o If zero, then optional
o If one or more, then mandatory
• Maximum Cardinality – the maximum number (usually many)

Front 7

Composite attribute

Back 7

attributes that can (and likely should) be decomposed into separate attributes
• Ex. Address – actually composed of several separate attributes: street address, city, state, and zip code

Front 8

Conceptual Data Model

Back 8

represent the entities or objects about which you want to collect data,
and rules about the meaning and interrelationships among these data objects

Front 9

Degree of a Relationship

Back 9

number of entity types that participate in it

Front 10

Duality

Back 10

involves one event that causes resource inflows while the other event causes
resource outflows

Front 11

Economic Event and Exchange

Back 11

events or exchanges that increase or decrease the quantity of a firm’s resources

Front 12

Entity

Back 12

persons, places, things or concepts you want to keep data about
• Entity group represents a collection of individual entity instances

Front 13

Entity Attribute

Back 13

a property or characteristic that describes an entity

Front 14

E-R Diagram

Back 14

model displaying the relationships among entities

Front 15

Field

Back 15

based upon the relation’s columns of attributes

Front 16

Foreign keys (also called posted keys)

Back 16

attribute that appears as a non primary key in one entity (table) and as a primary key attribute in another entity (table)
• Many to Many – create a separate relation for that includes key attributes from both relations
o Combination of key attributes becomes primary key for new relation
• One to Many – post the key attribute of the relation on the one side of the cardinality to the many side of the cardinality
o Big eats small

Front 17

Information processing risks

Back 17

risks associated with incomplete, inaccurate, or unauthorized recording, maintaining, and reporting information activities

Front 18

Instances

Back 18

individual items that comprise an entity group
• Ex. Entity – Salesperson, Sample instances might include Salesperson #465

Front 19

Logical Data Design

Back 19

the blueprint for the physical database

Front 20

Multivalued attribute

Back 20

multivalued attribute can have more than one instance
• Ex. An employee could have one skill, two skills, or many skills
o new relation would include the primary key of the relation (i.e., Employee number) and the multivalued attribute

Front 21

Normal form, normalization

Back 21

relations with minimal redundancies, each data attribute of a relation should describe only the object represented by the relation

Front 22

*Object oriented modeling

Back 22

type of modeling technique

Front 23

Primary key (attribute)

Back 23

unique attribute type used to identify a single instance of an entity

Front 24

REAL Template

Back 24

template organizing business processes by resources, events, agents and locations

Front 25

Record

Back 25

rows in a relation table, based upon the relation’s rows of data instances

Front 26

Relation

Back 26

an array with columns and rows

Front 27

Relational Database

Back 27

database comprised of multiple relations, comprised of data from an E-R diagram

Front 28

Relationships betweens entities

Back 28

an association between the instances of one or more entity groups of interest to the organization

Front 29

Table

Back 29

physical database component that organizes instances by fields (columns) and records (rows)

Front 30

Ternary Relationship

Back 30

simultaneous relationship between instances from three or more entities

Front 31

Unary Relationship

Back 31

relationship between the instances of a single entity
• Ex. an employee who supervises other employees