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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are lipid soluble and can pass through membranes rapidly?
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gas and hydrophobic molecules
ie. O2, CO2, benzene |
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What does not cross the membranes rapidly?
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polar molecules
ie glucose |
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How do cells exchange lipid-insoluble and charged molecules iwth the ECF?
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by using carrier proteins
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some substances pass through by virtue o simple laws of physical chemistry
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passive transport
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substances transported that require enegy expenditure by the cell
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active transport
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what are three factors that affect diffusion?
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P
A delta C |
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What is fick's law
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the rate of diffusion : J=-PA(C1-C2)
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permeability coefficient
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=D*beta/X
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What is X?
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membrane thickness
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What is beta(K)
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lipid solubility so solubility in oil/solubility in H2O
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Permeability coefficients in lipid liblayer membranes is low for ___ and high for ___
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low-charged ions
high-H2O |
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Although Na+ is a smaller entity than K+, when these ions are in solution (hydrated)...
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Na+ has a larger diameter than does K+.
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The larger the surface area of a membrane,
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the bigger the gradient, the more molecules that can diffuse through it.
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Permeabillity coefficient is affected by
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1. partition coefficient(lipid solubility)
2. substance size 3. membrane thickness |
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Osmosis
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flow of H2O (solvent) across a semipermeable membrane from a low solute concentration to a higher solute concentration.
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osmotic pressure
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pi=(n/V)RT
pi=g*C*RT |
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osmolarity
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concentration of osmotically active particles in solution: g*c
where g is # of particles and c is concentration |
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osmolarity of 1M NaCl
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2x1M=2osm/L
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colligative properties
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properties that depend only on the number of solute particles in solution and not the nature of the solute particles
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osmotic pressure is a ____ property
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colligative
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What are contributors of plasma?
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1. Na+ along with Cl- and HCO3-
2. plasma proteins 3. glucose and urea, major nonelectrolytes |
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What is BUN
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blood urea nitrogen a contributor of plasma
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The osmolal concentration of a substance in a fluid is measured by the degree to which it depresses the freezing point, with 1 mol of an ideal solution dpressing the freezing point by ___
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1.86degreesC
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tonicity
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ability of a solution to cause water movement across membranes. realted to hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic cellular states...
often used to describe the osmolality of a solution relative to plasma |
