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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do the costovertebral joints of ribs 1-7 move?
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rotate about an axis that runs longitudinally through the neck of the rib
(head rotation around body of vertebrae) |
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How do the costovertebral joints of ribs 8-10 move?
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glide (elevate and depress) along the transverse process
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How do ribs 1-7 of the thoracic wall move?
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"pump handle"
elevation of the upper ribs increases the anterior/posterior dimension of the thoracic cavity (sternum moves away from thoracic cavity) |
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How do ribs 8-10 of the thoracic wall move?
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"bucket handle"
elevation of the lower ribs increases the transverse dimension of the thoracic cavity (side-to-side diameter increases) |
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What happens to the thoracic wall during forced inspiration?
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thorax widens and sternum move aneriorly
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What happens to the thoracic wall during forced expiration?
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thorax narrows
ribs 8-10 move inferiorly ribs 1-7 move superiorly (decrease V, increase P) |
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What is a eupnic breath?
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normal passive inspiration/expiration mediated by movement of the diaphragm; very little movement of chest wall
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What is ther origin of the clavicular head of the pectoralis major?
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surface of medial half of clavicle
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What is the origin of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major?
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anterior surface of sternum
superior 6 costal cartilages aponeurosis of external oblique muscle and rectus abdominus |
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What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?
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lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
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What is the action of the pectoralis major when both the clavicular head and the sternocostal head at together?
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adducts and medially rotates the arm
draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly |
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What is the action of the clavicular head of the pectoralis major?
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flexes humerus
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What is the action of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major?
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extends humerus from flexed position
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What is the origin of the pectoalis minor?
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ribs 3-5, near costal cartilage (inferior to pectoralis major)
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What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?
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medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
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What is the action of the pectoralis minor?
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stabilizes scapula
(moves scapula inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall) |
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What is the origin of the subclavius?
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rib 1
costal cartilage |
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What is the insertion of the subclavius?
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inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
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What is the action of the subclavius?
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anchors and depresses clavicle
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What is the origin of the serratus anterior?
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exterior surface of lateral parts of ribs 1-8
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What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?
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anterior surface of medial border of scapula
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What is the action of the serratus anterior?
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protracts and rotates scapula
holds scapula against thoracic wall |
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What is aponeurosis?
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thin sheets of fibrous CT that connect into a muscles
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What are the thoracoappendicular muscles of the thoracic wall and what do they do?
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pectoralis major
pectoralis minor subclavius serratus anterior act upon the upper limbs |
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Which of the thoracoappendicular muscles of the thoracic wall are considered accessory muscles of respiration?
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pectoralis major
pectoralis minor serratus anterior |
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What are the accessory muscles of respiration?
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serratus posterior superior
serratus posterior inferior levator costarum external intercostals internal intercostals transverse thoracic |
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What is the superior attachment of serratus posterior superior?
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nuchal ligament
spinous process of C7 to T3 |
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What is the inferior attachment of serratus posterior superior?
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superior border of ribs 2-4
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What is the action of the serratus posterior superior?
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elevates ribs
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What is the superior attachment of serratus posterior inferior?
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spinous process of T11-L2
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What is the inferior attachment of serratus posterior inferior?
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inferior border of ribs 8-12 (near angle)
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What is the action of the serratus posterior inferior?
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depress ribs
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What is the superior attachment of levator costarum?
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transverse process of T7-T11
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What is the inferior attachment of levator costarum?
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subadjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
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What is the action of levator costarum
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elevate ribs
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What is the superior attachment of the external intercostals?
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inferior border of the ribs
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What is the inferior attachment of the external intercostals?
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superior border of ribs below
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What is the action of the external intercostals?
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elevate ribs (forced inspiration)
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What is the superior attachment of the internal intercostals?
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inferior border of the ribs
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What is the inferior attachment of the internal intercostals?
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superior border of ribs below
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What is the action of the internal intercostals?
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depresses ribs (forced expiration)
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What can the transverse thoracic muscle be used to localize?
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internal thoracic artery and vein
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What is the superior attachment of the transverse thoracic?
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posterior surface of lower sternum
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What is the inferior attachment of the transverse thoracic?
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internal surface of costal cartilages
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What is the action of the transverse thoracic?
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WEAKLY depresses ribs
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What are the anterior and posterior aspects of the anterior thoracic wall?
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external intercostals
internal intercostals transverse thoracic |
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What is the order of the neurovascular structures in the intercostal space from superior to inferior?
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Vein
Artery Nerve |
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What is the order of the neurovascular structures on the collateral branches on the superior aspect of the rib?
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Nerves
Artery Vein |
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How do the subcostals run?
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they run in the same direction as the internal intercostals and blend with them
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What arteries supply the thoracic wall?
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thoracic aorta
subclavian artery axillary artery |
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Where do the posterior intercostals of the 1st and 2nd intercostal space arise from?
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superior intercostal arteries
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Where do the posterior intercostals of the 3rd and 11th intercostal space arise from?
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thoracic aorta
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When the posterior intercostals cross the vertebrae, what do they pass posteriorly to?
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esophagus
thoracic duct azygous vein right lung pleura |
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What is the origin of intercostal spaces 1-6?
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internal thoracic artery
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What is the origin of intercostal spaces 7-9?
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musculophrenic artery
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What do the anterior intercostals supply?
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intercostal muscles
pectoral muscles breast skin |
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What are the inferior two intercostal spaces supplied by?
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posterior intercostals ONLY
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What do the terminal and collateral branches anastomose anteriorly with?
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anterior intercostal arteries
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What do the posterior branch of the posterior intercostals supply?
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spinal cord
vertebral column back muscles skin |
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What is the origin of the internal thoracic artery?
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subclavian artery
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What does the internal thoracic artery branch into?
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superior epigastric artery
musculophrenic artery |
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What are the veins of the thoracic wall?
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11 posterior intercostal veins
one subcostal vein |
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What do the 11 posterior intercostal veins anastomose with?
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anterior intercostal veins
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Where is the subcostal vein?
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along posterior-most floating rib
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Where do most posterior intercostal veins drain?
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azygos/hemiazygos system
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