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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indus Valley Civilization:Pre-Aryan(ca. 300-1500 BC)
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Inhabitants:Dravidians
Writing system: Write on seals Worshiped bull-male fertility figure Architectural remains in Pakistan(Mohenjo_Daro/ Harappa) |
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Aryan Invasion-Beginning of the Vedic Age(1500BC)
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Aryan people invaded into India and had a great influence.
Aryan people have a comparatively light skin and think themselves as superiority. Origin of caste system ACCULTURATION: combination of Aryan and Dravidian elements. Basis of modern Hinduism Some of Dravidian people moved to southern India, formed a strong distinction between North and South. |
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The Sanskrit Language(First legacy of Aryan)
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A classic language in south Asia, brought by Aryan.
Akin to Latin. Share many similarities. Related to almost all the languages of Europe, including English Hindi(India's modern national language) is written in characters that are derived from written Sanskrit Sanskrit language migrated to Iran, resemble characters |
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The Vedas(Second Legacy)-The scripture
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Preserved initially through ORAL TRADITION
SOUND was an aspect of the divine There are four Vedas in total. The first is Rig Veda Rig Veda: special responsibilities of the top-ranking social caste system-----Brahman or Brahmin caste(Only Brahman can preach and pray to the God) First evidence of CASTE system Today: Brahman boys are trained to memorize the Vedas. |
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The Upanishads
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Seek more self-awareness questions
Upa=near(Sanskrit) Shad=sit The Upanishads sought to find unity with surrounding world Buddha himself was inspired by Upanishads |
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Third Legacy: Ramayana and Mahabharata
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Two great epic poems in India(Iliad and Odyssey of Greece)
Recount the ancient Aryan invasion and were communicated as "orature" |
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The Ramayana
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The tale of Prince Rama and his wife Sita---Two heroes who were faithful to their dharma
Moral lesson: If you're faithful to your dharma, you get a good karma in return. |
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The Mahabharata
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Mahabharata is the true epic of India because it represents the mythology and religion of the Hindus
Bhagvad-gita Enculturation: Teaching of cultural values. |
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Events of the Vedic Age(1500-500 BC)
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A complex social order had evolved
Hereditary classes Religion had become a great complex of meticulously organized rites Performance is a way to teach lay person Priest(Brahmans) had become the most powerful group in the community |
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Buddhism and the search for enlightenment
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Siddartha Gautama: born as a Hindu prince(Southern Himalayas)
Influenced by Upanishads Became a yogi( A wander in search of truth and sought for gurus(revered teacher) Preached in Benares(a holy city of the Hindus) The Four Noble Truths/Noble Eoghtfold path-----desire is a cause of suffering: When all desire has been eliminated, one reaches Buddhahood He preached until he was 80 in the Ganges Valley: At that point he entered Nirvana-the state where he would be released from the wheel of life(Samsara),won't be born again Eventually derived into two sects: Theravada and Mahayana Viewed as the 8th incarnation of vishnu |
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Maurya Dynasty
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Founder: Chandragupta Maurya
Chandragupta's grandson-- Ashoka converted into Buddhism and made Buddhism as the state religion |
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Kushan Dynasty
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After the Maurya Dynasty , India dissolved into local units
taken over by the Kushans Espoused Mahayana Buddhism Key point: Development of international trade spread India culture along trade routes--silk road and along maritime routes |
