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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Exon
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A segment of a protein-coding gene and its precurson (pre-mRNA) that specifies an amino acid sequence and is retained in the mature mRNA.
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Intron
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A segment of a protein-coding gene and its precurson (pre-mRNA) that does not specifies an amino acid sequence. Introns in pre-mRNA are removed by mRNA splicing.
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messenger RNA
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Class of RNA molecules that contain coded information specifying the amino acid sequences of proteins.
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monocistronic mRNA
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An mRNA that codes for only one protein.
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RNA editing
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Unusual type of RNA processing in which the nucleotide sequence of a pre-mRNA is changed by the posttranscriptional insertion or deletion of nucleotides or by conversion of one nucleotide to another.
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RNA splicing
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Process whereby an intron between two exons in a precursor mRNA molecule is excised and the exons ligated together.
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polycistronic mRNA
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An mRNA that codes for more than one protein.
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Promoter
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A DNA region containing specific gene regulatory elements to which RNA polymerase binds for the initiation of transcription.
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TATA box
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A part of the core promoter in eukaryotic genomes; it is located about 30 base pairs upstream from the transcription start point.
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Transcription
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The process for making a single-stranded RNA molecule complementary to one strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule, thereby transferring information from DNA to RNA.
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Translation
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The process that converts the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide.
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