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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hazards to pedestrians |
1. Slips (floor) - wet, ice, polished, wet leaves |
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Controls for pedestrians
8 |
1. Anti slip - Anti slip paint (epoxy resin), cleaning up 2. Spills, carpets, barricade spills. |
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Minimum welfare standards
6 |
1. Drinking water
2. Sanitary conveniences (WC) 3. Washing facilities (showers, sinks) 4. Changing rooms 5. Accommodation for clothing (lockers) 6. resting and eating facilities |
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What are the effects of heat?
5 + (sun - 3) |
1. Dehydration
2. Muscle cramps 3. Heat stress 4. Heat exhaustion 5. Heat stroke SUN - 1. Cancer 2. burns from hot surface 3. Skin burn |
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what are the effects of the cold?
4 |
1. Hypothermia - core of the body below 35 degrees
2. Frost bite 3. Slip hazards 4. Freeze burn injuries from skin contact with very cold surfaces |
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Controls for hot weather
5 |
1. Insulate heat source (Lagging hot pipes)
2. Provide a cool refuge 3. Provide easy access to drinking water or isotonic drinks 4. Provide frequent breaks and job rotation 5. Provide good workplace ventilation - Moving air |
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Controls for cold weather
5 |
1. Shield/Lag extremely cold surfaces
2. Provide warm refuge 3. Provide P.P.E such as insulated jackets/trousers/boots 4. Provide frequent breaks and job rotation 5. Provide easy access to hot food and drinks |
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Risk factors for violence at work
7 |
1. Cash handling
2. Lone workers in contact with the public 3. Representing authority - police, traffic wardens 4. Wearing a uniform - Workers 5. Dealing with people under stress - unable to handle their emotions 6. Dealing with people under the influence - alcohol, drugs and mental problems 7. Censuring or saying NO to people |
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Controls for violence
2 step process? |
1. Investigate the nature of the problem by:
- Collecting and analysing incident reports - Interviewing staff formally and informally - Staff surveys Once the nature of the workplace has been assessed then preventive measures can be implemented 2a. Preventing violence at a central office: -Zero tolerance policy and prosecution of offenders -Security staff -CCTV camera -Security doors between public areas and staff areas -Minimise queues and waiting times 2b. Preventing violence to workers conducting home visits: -No lone working or no lone working in high risk areas -Keeping records of past incidents and vetting customers -Pre and post-visit telephone calls -Training for staff (lone working procedures, break away techniques such as self defence) -Always having a means of communication (mobile phone) -No visits after dark -Parking in secure areas -Not carrying cash or valuables |
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Effects of drugs and alcohol
7 |
1. Late attendance
2. Increased absenteeism 3. Reduction in quality of work 4. Reduction in work rate 5. Theft 6. Dishonesty 7. Irritability and mood swings |
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Control measure for drugs and alcohol:
Policy contents 6 |
Drugs and alcohol policy should include:
1. Rules restricting access to alcohol in the workplace or during work hours 2. Statutory legal requirements prohibiting workers from being under the influence of drugs and alcohol 3. Non statutory employer requirements prohibiting workers from being under the influence of drugs and alcohol 4. Arrangements for any random drugs and alcohol testing that workers will be subject to 5. Disciplinary procedures for workers who refuse assistance, refuse to be tested or who fail test 6. Provision of I.T.I.S to workers, supervisors and managers |
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Construction hazards
14/5 for each 4 |
1. Flammable materials
2. Machinery and vehicles 3. Security Issues 4. Electricity |
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Controls for construction hazards
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Flammable materials:
-Flammable liquids should be stored separately away from other flammable materials -External open air stores should be away from buildings, drains and car parks with a security fence guarding the store -Large stores need at least 2 exits as a means of escape -Use suitable signage (warning flammable materials) -No hot work near storage area -Electrical equipment should be rated Equipment: -Fit for purpose/place -Competent operators only -CLIT (clean, lubricated, inspected, tested) -Use guarding -P.P.E at all times Security: -CCTV erected -Security guards -Barriers -Remove keys -Lighting Electricity: -Fuses/reduce voltage systems -Cable management (double insulation) -Sheaths -Regular inspection/testing |
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Basic hazards of work at height
6 |
1. Roofs (fragile, sloping)
2. Deterioration of materials 3. Unprotected edges 4. Unstable or poorly maintained access equipment 5. Weather 6. Falling materials |
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Working at height control hierarchy
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Avoid/eliminate
Prevention of fall: -Guard rails (falling people) -Mid rail (falling objects -Toe boards (falling materials) -Brick guards (falling materials) -Netting extending from platform (falling materials) -Covered walkways -Platform fully boarded (inspect platform board for cracks, splits, deformations. Also don't overload platform and no excessive overhang) -Suspended access equipment (Inspect seat, ropes, anchor points) -Tool belts -Emergency arrangements (ladder, mobile elevated work platforms) Minimise consequence of fall: -Fall arrest (harness) -Landing systems (safety nets and air bags) |
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Hazards of excavations
7 |
1. Collapse - unsupported sides cave in
2. Striking buried services - high voltage electrical cables, gas pipes, mains pipes) 3. People falling in 4. Objects falling in - Small (tools) - Big (vehicles) 5. Flooding - heavy rain or ruptured water main 6. Hazardous substance - Gases and vapours if heavier than air will fill excavation 7. Collapse of adjacent structures - foundations of nearby buildings may be disturbed resulting in destabilisation into collapse |
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Control measures of excavation hazards
4 |
Prevention of collapse:
-Battering (sloping the sides of an excavation so the soil will not slip) -Shoring (Using a metal or timber frame to support the sides) -Trench box (a metal box that can be moved along the excavation) Prevention of falls: People -Good lighting inside and on edge of excavation -Barriers with guard rails and toe boards -Ladder properly positioned for access -5 rungs past step off point Objects -Spoil heaps safe distance away from excavation -Barriers and signage for approaching vehicles -Workers inside should wear hard hats incase of falling objects -Restriction of vehicles passing by due to vibrational collapse Prevention of striking buried services: -Obtain plans of the excavated area for basic layout -Digging by hand -Use detection equipment (metal detectors, cable detectors, ground radar) -Support pipes from underneath to stop from collapse |
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Inspection requirements
3 |
1. Before the start of every work shift
2. After any accidental fall of material 3. After any event likely to effect strength and stability |
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Circumstances that contribute to the likelihood of falling materials include
7 |
1. Deterioration of structures, causing crumbling brickwork or loose tiles
2. Bad storage of materials, edge of scaffold or bad stacking 3. Poor housekeeping, leading to accumulations of waste and loose materials 4. Gaps in platform surfaces or between access platforms and walls 5. Open, unprotected edges 6. Incorrect methods of getting materials from ground to working area 7. Incorrect method of getting materials from work area to ground (throwing from scaffold) |
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Main hazards associated with the use of ladders
3 |
1. Falls from height:
-Falling off the ladders -The ladder toppling sideways -The ladder base slipping out from the wall 2. Objects falling from height 3. Contact with live overheads |
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Safety precautions for the use of ladders
9 |
1. not site or handle near live overheads
2. Site on a solid flat base so feet do not sink 3. 4 metres up 1 metre out and 75 degrees out 4. Top of ladder must rest against a solid support 5. Ladder should be footed by someone 6. Ideally ladder should be secured at the top 7. Only one person should climb ladder at any one time 8. Wooden ladders must not be painted as it can hide defects 9. 3 points of contact at all times |
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Factors that might cause the collapse of an independent tied scaffold:
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1. Overloaded work platform
2. Scaffold not tied adequately to building 3. Insufficient bracing incorporated into scaffold 4. Scaffold built on soft ground without sufficient sole boards 5. Standards not upright 6. Standards bent, buckled or heavily corroded 7. High winds 8. Incorrect couplers used to join tube together 9. Scaffold struck by mobile plant 10. Scaffold erected by incompetent workers 11. Scaffold not inspected prior to use |
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Main hazards associated with mobile tower scaffolds
6 |
1. Falls from the work platform
2. Objects falling from the platform 3. Collapse of the structure 4. Overturn (toppling) of the structure 5. Unintended movement of the wheels 6. Contact with live overheads |
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Safety precautions for safe use of mobile tower scaffolds
8 |
1. Guard rail fitted to work platform
2. Don’t overload tower 3. Wheels locked when in use 4. On firm stable ground 5. Remove everything before moving 6. Avoid overheads when tower is moved 6. Outriggers where necessary 7. Built by trained people 8. Do not climb on outside |
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How often should a scaffold be inspected?
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When they are first erected
After any substantial alteration After any event that may effect stability e.g struck by vehicle or high winds periodically (weekly) Points to check would include: Condition of the tubes, Tying and bracing, work platform condition, edge protection (guard rails, toe boards) |
