Ifsta 6 Wfa Ch. 13 Tactical Ventilation

Front 1

What are the three incident priorities when performing tactical ventilation?

Back 1

A. Extinguishment, personnel safety, risk mitigation
B. Resource management, life safety, extinguishment
C. Life safety, salvage operations, pumper management
D. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation

Hint 1

D. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation

Front 2

Which of the following is a reason for performing tactical ventilation?

Back 2

A. Decreasing reliance on fire streams
B. Decrease costs of fireground operations
C. Reducing potential extreme fire behavior
D. Reducing need for interior fire operations

Hint 2

C. Reducing potential extreme fire behavior

Front 3

Incident stabilization means:

Back 3

A. reducing interior temperatures.
B. increasing oxygen concentration.
C. controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages.
D. increasing the number of smoke-free paths of egress.

Hint 3

C. controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages.

Front 4

When performing tactical ventilation, the highest incident priority is:

Back 4

A. life safety.
B. risk mitigation.
C. extinguishment.
D. incident stabilization.

Hint 4

A. life safety.

Front 5

Which statement about tactical ventilation is MOST accurate?

Back 5

A. Tactical ventilation must be performed before fire attack.
B. Tactical ventilation is implemented after the fire is confined.
C. Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident.
D. Tactical ventilation should not begin until the incident is stabilized.

Hint 5

C. Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident.

Front 6

Tactical ventilation reduces fire damage in structures and limits water damage because it:

Back 6

A. focuses on the use of foam to fight interior fires.
B. allows for the use of fire streams with lower pressures.
C. increases speed with which interior fires can be extinguished.
D. allows salvage operations to begin simultaneously with fire attack.

Hint 6

C. increases speed with which interior fires can be extinguished.

Front 7

Which characteristic of modern single-family residential construction reduces firefighter access and increases potential exposure risks?

Back 7

A. Smaller lot sizes
B. Open floor plans
C. Larger structure sizes
D. Composite construction material

Hint 7

A. Smaller lot sizes

Front 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of older structure construction?

Back 8

A. Smaller lot sizes
B. Larger structure sizes
C. Wall cavities filled with synthetic insulation
D. Windows that could be opened for ventilation

Hint 8

D. Windows that could be opened for ventilation

Front 9

Which characteristic of modern construction produces large quantities of toxic, combustible gases during a fire?

Back 9

A. Energy efficient designs
B. Treated wood components
C. Lightweight structural components
D. Use of plastics and other synthetic materials

Hint 9

D. Use of plastics and other synthetic materials

Front 10

Which of the following is a reason that modern construction may tend to contain fires for longer periods of time?

Back 10

A. Smaller lot sizes
B. Energy efficient designs
C. Increased fire load of decorative items
D. Use of real wood and granite finishings

Hint 10

B. Energy efficient designs

Front 11

Which fire behavior indicator can provide an indication of interior fire conditions by observing its volume, location, color, density, and movement?

Back 11

A. Heat
B. Smoke
C. Flame
D. Air flow

Hint 11

B. Smoke

Front 12

Velocity, turbulence, and direction are indicators of:

Back 12

A. flame.
B. smoke.
C. air flow.
D. air pressure.

Hint 12

C. air flow.

Front 13

In a structure fire, what part of the flow path is an open doorway?

Back 13

A. Inlet vent
B. Outlet vent
C. Lower vent
D. Upper vent

Hint 13

A. Inlet vent

Front 14

Which fire behavior indicator provides visual indicators such as blistering paint or crazed glass?

Back 14

A. Heat
B. Flame
C. Smoke
D. Air flow

Hint 14

A. Heat

Front 15

Which fire behavior indicator provides visual indicators such as the size and location of the fire?

Back 15

A. Heat
B. Smoke
C. Flame
D. Air flow

Hint 15

C. Flame

Front 16

The effect or lack of effect of fire streams indicates the size and extent of the fire when observing:

Back 16

A. heat.
B. flame.
C. smoke.
D. air flow.

Hint 16

B. flame.

Front 17

Which of the following causes air flow?

Back 17

A. Combustion of interior finishings
B. Introduction of oxygen into the burning materials
C. Escape of gases and flames from burning materials
D. Pressure differentials inside and outside compartment

Hint 17

D. Pressure differentials inside and outside compartment

Front 18

Which of the following factors determines the initial severity and extent of a fire?

Back 18

A. Adjacent exposures
B. Number of responding units
C. Availability of a water supply for suppression
D. Activation of fire detection and suppression systems

Hint 18

D. Activation of fire detection and suppression systems

Front 19

Which of the following factors is a primary reason that firefighters should not create tactical ventilation openings in an uncoordinated manner?

Back 19

A. Can spread fire to uninvolved areas
B. May damage roof of structure by creating openings
C. Can cause fire streams to have negative affect on fire
D. Creating openings does unnecessary damage to the structure

Hint 19

A. Can spread fire to uninvolved areas

Front 20

Which of the following personnel determines if ventilation is necessary?

Back 20

A. Battalion chief
B. Senior firefighter
C. Incident Commander
D. Any firefighter can make the determination

Hint 20

C. Incident Commander

Front 21

Which of the following factors have a bearing on deciding where to ventilate?

Back 21

A. Number of bystanders
B. Cost of ventilation operations
C. Availability of rehabilitation facilities
D. Indications of potential structural collapse

Hint 21

D. Indications of potential structural collapse

Front 22

Which of the following weather conditions has the most influence on ventilation operations?

Back 22

A. Wind
B. Precipitation
C. Temperature
D. Atmospheric pressure

Hint 22

A. Wind

Front 23

Ventilation that causes heat, smoke, and fire to be discharged through wall openings below the highest point of the building creates danger because:

Back 23

A. multiple ventilation points will be created from the openings.
B. oxygen levels will be increased for the upper levels of the fire.
C. fire streams will be unable to reach the higher levels of the fire.
D. rising gases will ignite portions of the building above exhaust point.

Hint 23

D. rising gases will ignite portions of the building above exhaust point.

Front 24

A small structure fire that requires ventilation consisting of opening doors and windows requires at minimum:

Back 24

A. two firefighters.
B. three firefighters.
C. four firefighters.
D. five firefighters.

Hint 24

A. two firefighters.

Front 25

Cutting a hole in the roof above the fire or opening existing roof access doors, scuttles, or skylights are all examples of:

Back 25

A. inlet ventilation.
B. outlet ventilation.
C. vertical ventilation.
D. horizontal ventilation.

Hint 25

C. vertical ventilation.

Front 26

Opening doors or windows is an example of:

Back 26

A. natural ventilation.
B. vertical ventilation.
C. hydraulic ventilation.
D. mechanical ventilation.

Hint 26

A. natural ventilation.

Front 27

The means of mechanical ventilation involve pulling the smoke and fire gases out through an opening and pushing ___ into the structure and displacing the smoke and fire gases.

Back 27

A. oxygen
B. fresh air
C. a roof hook
D. a rotary saw

Hint 27

B. fresh air

Front 28

Hydraulic ventilation involves using a spray nozzle set on a ___ pattern to draw the smoke out an opening such as a window or door.

Back 28

A. fog
B. fan
C. vertical
D. horizontal

Hint 28

A. fog

Front 29

Allowing natural air currents and pressure differences to move smoke and heat out of the building is natural:

Back 29

A. exhaust ventilation.
B. vertical ventilation.
C. hydraulic ventilation.
D. horizontal ventilation.

Hint 29

D. horizontal ventilation.

Front 30

Which type of ventilation requires no additional personnel or equipment to set up and maintain?

Back 30

A. Vertical
B. Hydraulic
C. Natural horizontal
D. Mechanical horizontal

Hint 30

C. Natural horizontal

Front 31

Use of smoke ejectors to expel smoke and draw fresh air into a structure is a use of:

Back 31

A. positive-pressure ventilation (PPV)
B. positive-exhaust ventilation (PEV)
C. negative-exhaust ventilation (NEV)
D. negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)

Hint 31

D. negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)

Front 32

Which side of an opening should a fan be placed for negative-pressure ventilation?

Back 32

A. Leeward
B. Interior
C. Exterior
D. Windward

Hint 32

A. Leeward

Front 33

When the natural flow of air currents and the currents created by the fire is insufficient to remove smoke, heat, and fire gases, what type of ventilation is necessary?

Back 33

A. Vertical
B. Hydraulic
C. Protected
D. Mechanical

Hint 33

D. Mechanical

Front 34

Why must the open areas around a smoke ejector be properly sealed?

Back 34

A. To prevent expelling fire gases from the building.
B. To prevent air from recirculating back into the building.
C. To prevent smoke from being exhausted through the roof.
D. To prevent overheating of the smoke ejector and causing a fire.

Hint 34

B. To prevent air from recirculating back into the building.

Front 35

Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) exhaust openings vary with the size of the entry opening and the:

Back 35

A. capacity of hose lines.
B. capacity of the blower used.
C. number of personnel on site.
D. number of compartments in the structure.

Hint 35

B. capacity of the blower used.

Front 36

Once an exhaust opening has been created, it is important that the cone of air from the blower:

Back 36

A. blows towards the fire.
B. blows away from the fire.
C. completely covers the doorway opening.
D. completely blocks the doorway opening.

Hint 36

C. completely covers the doorway opening.

Front 37

When ventilating a multistory building, it is best to apply positive-pressure ventilation (PPV):

Back 37

A. on the floor with the least smoke.
B. on the floor with the most smoke.
C. at the highest point of the structure.
D. at the lowest point of the structure.

Hint 37

D. at the lowest point of the structure.

Front 38

To perform hydraulic ventilation, a fog nozzle should be set on a wide fog pattern to cover what percent of the opening through which the smoke will be drawn or pulled?

Back 38

A. 15 to 20
B. 45 to 50
C. 55 to 60
D. 85 to 90

Hint 38

D. 85 to 90

Front 39

Which of the following may occur if the effects of horizontal ventilation are disturbed?

Back 39

A. Fire intensity increases
B. Air currents are established
C. Oxygen concentration decreases
D. Structure becomes unpressurized

Hint 39

A. Fire intensity increases

Front 40

Which of the following is an advantage to using mechanical ventilation?

Back 40

A. Increases control of air flow
B. Decreases control of air flow
C. Speeds the removal of contaminants
D. Increases availability of water supply

Hint 40

C. Speeds the removal of contaminants

Front 41

Offensive vertical ventilation is intended to aid in reaching and:

Back 41

A. extinguishing the fire.
B. stopping the spread of fire.
C. containing the fire to one area of the structure.
D. determining the effect on exposures to the fire.

Hint 41

A. extinguishing the fire.

Front 42

What should a firefighter do before stepping off a ladder, parapet wall, or other place of safety onto the roof of a burning building, especially if the roof surface is obscured by smoke or darkness?

Back 42

A. Ensure the safety of all personnel who are assisting.
B. Direct a fire stream into an existing vertical exhaust opening.
C. Sound the roof for structural integrity by striking with an axe.
D. Direct a fire steam into an existing horizontal exhaust opening.

Hint 42

C. Sound the roof for structural integrity by striking with an axe.

Front 43

An inspection hole should be cut before cutting any type of ventilation hole in the roof in an attic or cockloft fire to:

Back 43

A. ensure roof is safe.
B. ensure minimal secondary damage.
C. determine the fire location and direction of travel.
D. determine at least two means of egress from the roof.

Hint 43

C. determine the fire location and direction of travel.

Front 44

When transporting a rotary saw or chain saw to or from the point of operation, it is safest to:

Back 44

A. turn it off.
B. turn it upright.
C. carry it in its proper case.
D. move it up or down the ladder quickly.

Hint 44

A. turn it off.

Front 45

Ensuring the only required openings for ventilation are made is the responsibility of the:

Back 45

A. company officer.
B. incident commander.
C. code enforcement officer.
D. roof ventilation team leader.

Hint 45

D. roof ventilation team leader.

Front 46

Why may arched roofs prevent roof ladders from lying flat?

Back 46

A. Roof ladders too long.
B. Curvature of the roof.
C. Roof ladders too curved.
D. Lack of curvature of the roof.

Hint 46

B. Curvature of the roof.

Front 47

What type of cut is used to create a fire break that stops the spread of fire in common attic structures or large structures?

Back 47

A. Trench cut
B. Vertical cut
C. Exhaust cut
D. Offensive cut

Hint 47

A. Trench cut

Front 48

When the main body of the fire is too great to extinguish, and only after the offensive vertical ventilation opening has been made, a trench cut must be created ahead of the advancing fire by at least:

Back 48

A. 10 feet.
B. 20 feet.
C. 30 feet.
D. 40 feet.

Hint 48

C. 30 feet.

Front 49

If a trench cut is created improperly, it will place firefighters in the very dangerous position of working:

Back 49

A. behind the fire.
B. ahead of the fire.
C. on top of the fire.
D. on plane with the fire.

Hint 49

B. ahead of the fire.

Front 50

Which of the following is a factor that reduces effectiveness of vertical ventilation?

Back 50

A. Trench cuts too small
B. Personnel working ahead of the fire
C. Fire streams directed into ventilation openings
D. Improper location of the horizontal ventilation opening

Hint 50

C. Fire streams directed into ventilation openings

Front 51

Basement fires can be challenging without effective ventilation because firefighters have to get to the seat of the fire:

Back 51

A. without the necessary tools.
B. through intense rising heat and smoke.
C. with a limited number of responding personnel.
D. without communication with the incident commander.

Hint 51

B. through intense rising heat and smoke.

Front 52

What factor makes high-rise fires life safety considerations an even higher priority?

Back 52

A. More windows
B. Fewer windows
C. More occupants
D. Fewer occupants

Hint 52

C. More occupants

Front 53

Which of the following occurs to heated smoke and fire gases when they stop rising, become cooled to the temperature of the surrounding air, and spread horizontally?

Back 53

A. Stratify
B. Solidify
C. Sounded
D. Stabilization

Hint 53

A. Stratify

Front 54

Combustibles adjacent to the ductwork of an HVAC system should be checked in case ___ has caused additional fires.

Back 54

A. conduction
B. convection
C. concentration
D. circumvention

Hint 54

A. conduction

Front 55

The automatic closure of doors, petitions, windows, and HVAC systems are methods of:

Back 55

A. compartmentalizing a structure.
B. confining fire operations personnel.
C. evacuating occupants of the structure.
D. verifying combustibles adjacent to the fire floor.

Hint 55

A. compartmentalizing a structure.

Front 56

Which of the following should be indicated by a smoke control system control panel?

Back 56

A. What initiated the fire
B. Who activated the alarm
C. Where the alarm originated
D. When the system will turn off

Hint 56

C. Where the alarm originated

Front 57

What do modern buildings have built-in that can contribute to the spread of smoke and toxic gases throughout a structure?

Back 57

A. HVAC systems
B. Exhaust systems
C. Automatic systems
D. Smoke control systems

Hint 57

A. HVAC systems

Front 58

Operating built-in smoke control systems in a high-rise or a shopping mall with open atria should be the responsibility of:

Back 58

A. any security officer on duty.
B. any firefighter on the scene.
C. only code enforcement officers.
D. only building engineers or maintenance superintendents.

Hint 58

D. only building engineers or maintenance superintendents.