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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atomic Number
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A unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element
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Electron
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A negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in the space outside of the nucleus of an atom
Location: space outside the nucleus Charge: -1 Size: 1/1836 of a proton |
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Electron Configuration
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The arrangement of electrons in the orbital of an atom
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Electron Cloud
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A visual model of the most likely locations for electrons in an atom
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Energy Levels
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The possible energies that electrons in an atom have
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Ground State
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A state in which all the electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energy
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Isotopes
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Atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers
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Mass Number
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The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number= # Of protons + # of neutrons |
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Neutron
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A neutral subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Location: in the nucleus Charge: 0 Size: equal to a proton |
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Nucleus
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The dense, positively charged mass located in the center of an atom
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Orbital
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A region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found
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Proton
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A positively charged subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Location: in the nucleus Charge: 1 Size: equal to neutron |
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Dalton
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Developed model of all atoms; said that elements are made of atoms and all atoms in the same element have the same mass; compounds contain atoms of more than one element, combined in the same way; his model said that atoms were like solid spheres
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Thomson
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Thomson developed the plum pudding model which said that the negative charges were evenly scattered throughout an atom filled with a positive charged mass of matter; his study is based on an experiment with a ray tube in which a ray was attracted to a positively charged area indicating negative charges were present in the ray (electrons)
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Rutherford
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Said atom was mostly empty space with a positive center called the nucleus. Did a study where he projected alpha rays onto a very thin sheet of gold… most rays went right through showing that most of a gold atom is empty space… a few deflected back because they hit the positively charged nucleus. Protons are in the nucleus and electrons are in the electron cloud around the nucleus
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Bohr
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Said electrons are in fixed orbits around the nucleus. These orbits are called energy levels and only hold a certain number of electrons… electrons closer to the nucleus have less energy
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