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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Boyle's Law
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The volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure if the number of particles and the temperature remain the same
When pressure decreases, volume increases. P1V1=P2V2 |
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Absolute Zero
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A temperature of zero kelvins.
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Charles's Law
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The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature if the pressure and the number of particles are kept the same. As the temperature of a gas increases, the volume also increases.
v1/t1=v2/t2 |
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Condensation
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas to a liquid.
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Deposition
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The phase change in which a gas changes directly into a solid without changing into a liquid
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Endothermic
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The system absorbs heat or energy, taking heat in, so the particles move faster
I.e.: melting, evaporation, sublimation |
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Exothermic
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The system releases heat or energy gives off heat particles move slower
I.e.: freezing, condensation, deposition |
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Evaporation
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Liquid to gas
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Gas
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The state of matter in which material has neither a definite shape nor volume, particles move fastest
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Heat of Fusion
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The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid
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Heat of Vaporization
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The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas
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Kinetic Energy
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The energy of motion
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Liquid
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The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume, but no definite shape. Takes the shape of its container. Particles move slower than in a gas.
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Phase Change
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A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
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Pressure
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The result of a force distributed over an area
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Sublimation
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas without changing to a liquid first
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Solid
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Materials that have definite shape and volume. Solids keep their shape.
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Vaporization
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas.
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Vapor Pressure
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The pressure caused by the collisions of particles in a vapor with the walls of its container.
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Kinetic Theory of Gas
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Most movement w/ no real force of attraction between particles
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Sublimation
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas without changing to a liquid first
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Solid
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Materials that have definite shape and volume. Solids keep their shape.
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Kinetic Theory of Gas
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Most movement w/ no real force of attraction between particles
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Kinetic Theory of Liquids
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Have enough movement to flow to a new location. The force of attraction between the particles allows it to have a definite volume.
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Kinetic Theory of Solids
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Solids are only capable of vibrating. Lots of attraction between molecules allows it to keep its shape.
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Name 3 Factors Affecting Pressure
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1. Temperature: as the temperature increases so does the pressure because the particles are moving faster and pressing against the sides of their containers
2. Volume: as the volume increases, pressure decreases because particles have more room to move. 3. Number of Particles: as the # of particles increases, the pressure increases as well |
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Name 6 Phase Changes
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1. Melting
2. Freezing 3. Evaporation 4. Condensation 5. Sublimation 6. deposition |
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Describe how Energy changes in a phase change
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Energy lost releases heat (exothermic)
Energy gained takes heat in (endothermic) |
