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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stiglitz (2002)
Globalization |
Pros: Landmines treaties, HIPc, growth in China
Cons: wealth inequality, poverty in Russia, West driven for own benefit (terms of trade, intellectual property, subsidies), replaces old dictators with transnational dictators Trade liberalization in industrialized countries was protected and nurtured |
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Stiglitz (2002)
On IMF: |
SAPs made things worse
Exacerbated crisis in Thailand, Indonesia Free-market policies in LA one or two success (Chile) Reforms: ABBBCRS acceptance of dangers of free mkt, bailouts (fewer), bankruptcy reform, better banking reg crisis response, risk mgt improvement, better disclosure stds safety nets core mandate |
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Stiglitz (2002)
On WB: |
Governance doesn’t represent people or lenders
(Taxation without representation) Reforms: Jobs for exports Competition/Enterprise creation (not privatization) Debt forgiveness Efficient allocation of investment Tech base (not just UPE) Selective lending (not conditionality) |
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Stiglitz (2002)
On WTO: |
Forum, not policy setter
Reforms: Intellectual property rights balance (ex. AIDS drugs) Bio-piracy |
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Stiglitz (2002)
Institutional reform: |
More than one market model (US v. Sweden, ex)
Gov’t and markets both have imperfections Need for international public institutions Environmental, Health, Humanitarian Transparency/Voting of WB,IMF |
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World Bank strengths (WB web site)
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Largest (or one of) funder of education, HIV/AIDS prevention, biodiversity
HIPC 1996 Support governance & fight corruption More in partnership Water, electricity and transport to poor Increased involvement by civil society orgs Help in post conflict situations |
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World Bank weaknesses, critique
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Meltzer Report, Easterly book
Self evaluate projects (avg rating of 5 on 1 to 10 scale) Goals in essential conflict: bank v. humanitarian (privatization and market reform v. poverty) |
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Held (1999)
Globalization Conceptions: |
Shared social space created by econ/tech
Political fatalism Limits to national politics Seek to create anal framework |
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Held (1999)
Theories of globalization |
Hyperglobalists (Ohmae)
People everywhere subject to disciplines of global marketplace Sceptic (Hirst & Thompson, 1996) Globalization is myth: market segmented into 3 regional blocs (Europe, Asia-Pacific, North America Transformationalists (Giddens, 1990; Rosenau) Profound and uncertain change Consider: concept, cause, socio-econ effect, power/gov implications, historical trajectory |
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Held (1999)
Hyperglobalist |
privileges economic, neoliberal celebrates single borderless global market, national as impossible, increasingly powerful local and regional governance
New forms of social organization Diffusion of authority New global division of labor replaces core-periph with more complex Neo-liberals say everyone has comp adv in something Traditional social protection looking difficult to sustain Knowledge workers Decline of nation state, power challenged New regional, global forms of governance |
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Held (1999) Skeptics
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World flows of trade are not unprecedented, rather heightened internationalization
Integration is less standard then Gold Standard Globalization and regionalization are contradictory Nations are architects of world trade Has increased wealth inequities Inequities and hierarchy is leading to fundamentalism, nationalism Multinationals are mostly homebodies to home states/regions Mtnance of world order remains province of West (and to their interests) Globalization myth used by neo-libs to their advantage |
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Held (1999) Transformationalists
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Historically unprecedented – social, econ, pol; blurring external/internal, national/domestic
Not sure where leading (in contrast to hyperglobalists/Skeptics) not evidence for convergence North-South divisions have become transformed to social divides, concentric circles: Elites, contented, marginalized Interaction of national policy, governance and international law (vis a vis WTO, Eu, ex) Sovereignty is a bargaining resource |
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Held (1999)
Variables for comparison: |
Concept
Causation Periodization Trajectory |
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Held (1999)Concept
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Skeptics and hyperglobalists: there is an end state to which we compare (assumes linear)
Socio-historical: multidimensional not quantitative, highly differentiated |
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Held (1999) Causation
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Uni or multidimensional? World systems: diffusion of Western ideas
For transformationalists, something new |
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Held (1999) Periodization
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It depends on how you bracket time frame (ex. trade netwks of middle ages support long trajectory)
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Held (1999) Trajectory
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Hyperglobalist - linear and secular
Skeptic - historical and recurrent features Transformationalist - historical upheavals, conflictive, fragment/unify, cooperation/conflict, etc |
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Held (1999) Definition of Globalization
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widening/deepening of interglobal connectedness
Located on local/national/regional continuum Spatial-temporal process Intensification, speeding up, extensity, intensity, velocity, impact propensity (hardest to operationalize) Interegional flows of activity, interaction and power which create social and physical infrastructures |
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Held (1999)
Types of impact: |
Decisional
Institutional Distributional Structural |
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Held (1999)
Dimensions of impact: |
Infrastructure (facilitate)
Institutionalization (normalizing) Stratification Modes of interaction - (type: ex. Imperialistic, cooperative, etc. and instrument of power: economic, military) |
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Held (1999) Effects & Types of Globalization
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Globalization has pressured gov'ts to decrease progressive spending and welfare progs, others not. Effects vary by country
Thick globalization: high intensity, velocity, impact Expansive: low intensity, high velocity, impact Diffused: high intensity, velocity, low impact Thin: low intensity, high velocity, impact |
