Idc School Ch 17 Blood

Front 1

BLOOD

Back 1

8% of total body weight

Plasma is 55% of Blood

Keystone of the body's heat system regulator

Blood is main transportation fluid

Front 2

Blood Volume

Back 2

Male=5-6 liters
Female=4-5 liters

Body fat is main variable influencing blood volume.

1 unit of blood is 10% of total volume

Front 3

What are the 2 methods of measurement for Blood Volume?

Back 3

Direct-removal of all blood(only in corpses)

Inderect-Tag RBC or Plasma w/ radioisotopes

Front 4

Formed Elements

Back 4

used to designate the various kinds of blood cells that are normally present in blood (RBC,WHITE BLOOD CELLS,PLATELETS)

Front 5

What is the average Hematacrit or Packed Cell Volume for average Male and Female?

Back 5

Male=40%-54%-average 45%

Female=38%-47% average 42%

Front 6

Erythrocytes(RBC)

Back 6

Most numerous at 4.2-5.8 million per cubic mm

7.5 um in diameter

DO NOT CONTAIN NUCLEUS

Front 7

What is the function of a RBC

Back 7

Transportation of Respiratory gases(carbonic anhydrase,carbonic acid)

HEMOGLOBIN- gives the RBC its red pigment and is primary component of every RBC

Front 8

Hemoglobin

Back 8

Composed of 4 protein chains Globin bound to red pigment (heme) molecule

Makes up 95% of Cell

Hemoglobin has 4 iron atoms bind w/ oxygen.

Front 9

Anemia

Back 9

Hemoglobin of less than 10/g100ml of blood

Front 10

Erythropoises

Back 10

Entire process of RBC formation begins in RED bone marrow

every day moer than 200 million are formed.

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RBC Destruction

Back 11

105-120 days Macrophage cells ingest and destroy cells through Phagocytosis.

RBC'S destroyed at a rate of 100 million per minute.

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Granulocytes

Back 12

WBC'S containing large granules in their cytoplasm.

Front 13

Neutrophils

Back 13

*Granulocyte

Cellular defense(phagocytosis of small pathogenic
microorganisms)

approx 65% of WBC

Front 14

Eosinophils

Back 14

GRANULOCYTE

Cellular defense(phagocytosis of large pathogenic microorganisms,releases anti-inflammatory substances in allergic reaction)

2%of WBC"S

Front 15

BASOPHILS

Back 15

GRANULOCYTE

Secrets HEPARIN (anticoagulant) and HISTAMINE (inflammatory response) 0.5%-1.0% of WBC'S

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AGRANULOCYTES

Back 16

WBC's NOT containing Large granules in their CYTOPLASM

Front 17

LYMPHOCYTES

Back 17

AGRANULOCYTE

Humoral DEFENSE (secrets antibodies)

Front 18

MONOCYTE

Back 18

AGRANULOCYTE

enters tissue space as a macrophage (phagoctotic cell capable of ingesting bacteria,cellular debris,and cancerous cells)

Front 19

Diiferential WBC count

Back 19

Procedure in which the different types of LEUKOCYTES are counted and their percentage of total WBC is computed

Front 20

PLATELETS(THROMBOCYTES)

Back 20

Important role in HEMOSTASIS stoppage of blood flow
releases clot-activating substance

helps form blood clot by formation of platelet plugs

Front 21

THROMBOPOIESIS

Back 21

Formation of Platelets

Front 22

BLOOD TYPES

Back 22

4 GROUPS

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Antigen

Back 23

Antigen-usually a protein fragment that causes an immune response

*Present on the surface of a RBC

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ANTIBODY

Back 24

Destroys or inactivates a specific substance (Antigen) that entered the body

Front 25

ABO SYSTEM

Back 25

Type A-Antigen A on RBC'S

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ABO SYSTEM

Back 26

TYPE A-Antigen A on RBC'S

Type B-Antigen B on RBC'S

Type AB-both antigen A and antigen B (universal recepient)

Type O-neither antigen A or B on RBC'S (universal Donor)

Front 27

RH System

Back 27

RH Positive-Means the RH antigen is present on it's RBC'S

RH NEG-blood whose Red Cells have no RH antigen present on them.

Front 28

ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS

Back 28

Mom -
Father+
Baby +

Front 29

Blood Plasma

Back 29

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood (whole blood minus formed elements)
*
90% water,10%solutes(ALBUMINS,GLOBULINS,CLOTTING PROTEINS) 6%-8% OF PLASMA

Front 30

Albumins

Back 30

aids in the regulation of Osmotic concentration of blood(PROTEIN)

Front 31

GLOBULINS

Back 31

Function as essential components of the immunity mechanism

Front 32

Clotting Proteins

Back 32

Play key roles in blood clotting mechanism(FIBROGEN)

Front 33

BLOOD CLOTTING(COAGULATION)

Back 33

13 CLOTTING FACTORS

Front 34

What are the 4 critical components of coagulation?

Back 34

Prothrombin
Thrombin
Fibrinogen
Fibrin

Front 35

Stages of Clotting

Back 35

extrinsic-caused by external damage

intrinsic-internal damage to the capillary wall

Front 36

Blood serum

Back 36

pale yellowish liquid left after clot is formed

Front 37

Antithrombin

Back 37

they oppose thrombin,which is used during clotting

Front 38

Heparin

Back 38

acts as a antithrombin,is naturally in the blood

Front 39

conditions that speed clotting

Back 39

A rough spot in the endothelium(blood vessel linning)and abnormally slow blood flow.

Front 40

Fibrinolysis

Back 40

Physiological mechanism that dissolves clots

Front 41

Buffy coat

Back 41

layer of Luekocytes and platelets between RBC'S and plasma in tube after it is spun down.

Front 42

Formation of RBC

Back 42

1. HEMOCYTOBLAST

2. PROERYTHROBLAST

3. -BASOPHILIC ERYTHROBLAST

4.POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROBLAST

5.RETICULOCYTE(found in blood)

6.Mature Erythrocyte

Front 43

Macrophage

Back 43

through Phagocytosis breaks down RBC into IRON,Bilirubin,and Amino Acids

Front 44

What is a glycoprotein secreted by the Liver and Kidneys to signal production of RBC'S

Back 44

Erthropeotinigen

Front 45

Platelets

Back 45

in circulating blood appear as small pale bodies shaped like (irregular spindles or oval disks)

3important properties(aggulation,adhesiveness,and aggregation)

adhere to damaged site in 1-5 sec forming platelet plug

important in HEMOSTASIS

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BASOPHILS

Back 46

HEPARIN-HISTAMINE

Front 47

EOSINOPHIL

Back 47

PROTAZOA-PARASITIC WORMS

Front 48

NEUTROPHILS

Back 48

Contain lysosomes(digestive sacs

Highly molbile vary active Phagocytic cells