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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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M2 inhibitors - amantadine - rimantadine |
housman MOA: inhibits viral uncoating of influenza A, preventing penetration of the virus into the host Knittel MOA: amantadine: (1) blocks penetration of virus, (2) block uncoating of DNA, (3) blocks replication rimantadine: (1) block uncoating of DNA. (2) might inhibit reverse transcriptase in some viruses. - does NOT inhibit penetration or uncoating of DNA! |
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neuraminidase inhibitors - oseltamivir - zanamivir - peramivir |
inhibit release/cleavage of virions (new viruses) from host's cellular envelope, & ↓ viral replication; & promote clumping of the viruses |
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Amphotericin B |
Knittle: The molecule has a polar side and a hydrophilic side, inserts itself into the cellular membrane, aggregating around ergosterols in the membrane. This forms a hydrophilic pore that intracellular contents leak from, eventually killing the cell. |
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Griseofluvin |
Knittle: Binds to the polymerized microtubes in dividing cells, inhibiting fungal mitosis. |
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Azoles |
The basic nitrogen on the azole/imidazole binds the iron in the heme group on the CYP51 enzyme, making it unable to convert lanosterol to ergosterol. The cellular membrane, without this sterol, loses it's structure, becomes permeable, and leaky, breaks down, causing death. |
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Echinocandins |
Bind to the glucan synthase that creates the beta 1,3-glucans that make up the cell wall of fungus. This inhibition causes a loss of cell wall structure and eventual breakdown. |
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Allyl Amines/Squalene epoxidase inhibitors |
Blocks the squalene epoxidase enzyme that normal converts squalene to the ergosterol precursor lanosterol. This causes eventual breakdown of the cellular membrane and accummulation os squalene in the cell, which in large amounts is toxic to the cell. |
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Fluoropyrimadines -Flucytosine |
A pyrimidine analog and prodrug converted eventually to 5-FdUMP, a tri-phosphate that gets incorporated into RNA/DNA, acting a stop signal. |
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Ciclopirox |
two ciclopirox molecules chelate with intracellular iron with the fungal cell, causing inhibition of iron/metal dependant enzymes. (MOA not well understood) |
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ID drug class |
Echinocandin |
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ID drug class |
Allyl Amines/squalene epoxidase inhibitor |
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ID drug class |
ciclopirox -think "cyclic" hexane |
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ID drug class |
flucytosine -think cytosine (a pyridimine) |
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ID drug class |
Griseofluvin |
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ID drug class |
Polyene AmB lipid complex -Not a cyclic lactam, but think "poly" - a bunch of carbons in a chain (example: AmB lipid complex) |
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ID drug class |
Polyenes -look for cyclic lactames (example: AmB deoxycholate) |
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ID drug class |
Azole (tri-azole) -look for the azole group |
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ID drug class |
Azole -look for the azole group |
