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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the seven types of infectious agents?
FIV PPPB |
Prions (inanimate)
Viruses (inanimate) Bacteria (prokaryotic) Fungi (eukaryotic) Protozoa (eukaryotic) Multicellular Parasites/Helminths (eukaryotic) Insects (eukaryotic) |
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What is a prion?
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A small proteinaceous infectious particle which is resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acid
Prion protein has more beta sheet structure than normal protein Resistant to enzymes Cause of BSE |
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What is a virus?
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Small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms
Contains only ONE type of nucleic acid |
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What are the three general shapes of bacteria?
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Rods, spheres (cocci) and spiral
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What are the two types of fungi?
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Filamentous hyphae forming moulds
Unicellular forms (yeasts) |
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What are protozoa? What are the two forms?
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Single celled parasites which include amebas, flagellates, ciliates, sporozoans, and many other forms.
Trophozoite (active) and cyst (resting) |
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What is a helminth/parasitic worm?
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A multicellular parasite that live inside their host live and feed off living hosts. They receive nourishment and protection while disrupting their hosts' nutrient absorption, causing weakness and disease
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What are the two ways insects can cause disease?
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Directly (e.g. bite) or by injecting a vector for disease transmission (e.g. malaria)
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What are the three types of communities microbes can be found in?
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Commensalism (live together without interaction), mutualism (deriving benefit form each other (symbiosis)), parasitism (organism causes damage to its host (pathogen))
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Why are microbes important to humans?
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Can detoxify industrial waste, foooooood (: synthesis, cause disease
160211110 (Mon, intermodular week) |
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What is a disease that prions form?
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Spongiform
encephalopathy- holes formed by degeneration in the brain |
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What are the seven properties of viruses?
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1. Infect animals, insects, plants, bacteria.
2. Size - too small for light microscope. 3. Classified by morphology & behaviour. 4. DNA OR RNA + protein coat ± envelope 5. Extracellular infectious phase. 6. Obligatory intracellular replication. 7. Viral genes subvert cell biosynthesis to replicate. |
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What are the six DNA viruses?
HAH PPP |
Pox, herpes, adeno, papova, hepadna, parvo
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What are the different morphologies of a virus?
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helical/icosahedral/complex
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What are the eleven RNA viruses?
POC ARR PCR TB |
Paramyxo, orthomyxo, corona, arena, retro, reo, picorna, calici, rhabdo, toga/flavi, bunya
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What is a viroid?
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Infectious RNA molecules
Lack a protein coat Infect plants only |
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What chemicals are prions susceptible too?
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Phenol, NaOH or hyperchlorite
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Which type of virus does not have a cell wall?
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Mycoplasma
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Which viruses have dsDNA?
HAHP |
Herpes, Hep B, Papilloma, Adenovirus
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Which virus has ssDNA?
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Parvovirus
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Which virus has dsRNA?
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Rotavirus
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Which viruses have ssRNA?
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Picorna, rubella, Hep C, HIV, SARS, influenza, measles, mumps
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What is flora?
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The collective bacteria and other microorganisms in an ecosystem (usually in human and animal hosts or in a single part of its body).
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What is an endospore?
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A resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells. Tough structures that allow some bacteria to go dormant under unfavourable conditions
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How do prions replicate?
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They don't. The modified protein (PrP^SC) attacks the normal protein (PrP^C) and a 'chain reaction' process occurs.
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