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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why is there more cystitis and pyelonephritis in UTI's during pregnancy?
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smooth muscle relaxation effects of progesterone lower bladder tone and cause ureteral dilation; enlarged uterus causes mechanical compression and thus obstruction of ureters and stasis
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are there more ascending infections during pregnancy?
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yes
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how are UTI's diagnosed?
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clinical signs/symptoms of dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary urgency plus positive urine culture
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how will a UTI show up in a U/A?
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positive for leukocyte esterase and nitrites, elevated WBC's and bacteria in urine sediment
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how is cystitis diagnosed?
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suprapubic tenderness upon palpation and complaints of lower abdominal pain in the setting of a UTI
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what bug accounts for 70% of all UTIs? what are the rest?
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Escherichia coli; the rest are Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Proteus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and group B Streptococcus
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what is the initial treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria?
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amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, or Bactrim (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)
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while treating the infection, what can you give patients with dysuria or bladder pain to increase comfort?
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phenazopyridine - it is concentrated in the urine and acts as local anesthetic to reduce pain; urine is turned bright orange
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what is the most common complication of a lower UTI?
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pyelonephritis, or ascending infection to the kidneys
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