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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults?
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S. pneumonia
N. meningitidis Listeria |
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What is the most common cause of meningitis in < 2 months
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Gram neg (E coli, Klebsiella
Strep Group B (agalactia) Listeria |
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What is the most common in elderly?
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same as adutls but see more
Listeria E. coli H. influ pseudomonas |
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What is the empirical tx of meningitis?
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ceftriaxone/cefotaxime
Vanc **if elderly or neonate* add ampicillin fo Listeria |
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What are the cases of aseptic meningitis?
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enterovirus and mosquito borne abrboviruses
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What is the manifestation of aspeptic meningitis?
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HA, menigngismus and nonfocal exam
CSF: lymphocytosis with < 1000 cels no organisms, normal to slightly elevated protien and normal glucase |
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what should be given to close contacts of those with meningococcal meningitis?
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Rifampin, cipro or ceftriaxone
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What are the atypical causes of pneumonia?
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Mycoplasma
Legionella Chlamydia |
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What are the cauess of Nosocomal pneumonias?
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Staphy
gram + rods anaerobes gram - rods |
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What are the most common in Alcoholics/IV drug users?
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Strep pneumo
Klebsiella Staph |
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What are the most common pneumonia in CF pts
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Pseudomniae
S. aures |
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What are the most common causes of pneumonia in elderly
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Staph pneumoniae
Viruses Anaerobes H. influ gram + rods |
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What is the most common cause of pneumonia in adults?
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Mycoplasma
C. pneumonia Chlamydia |
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Pt in outpt community aquired pneumonia in pt < 65 yrs old..what are the bugs?
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S. pneumonia
mycoplasma Chlamida H inful |
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Pt in outpt community aquired pneumonia in pt < 65 yrs old..what are the tx?
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Macrolide (azithromycin),
doxy fluroquinolones |
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Pneumonia Pt > 65 yr with comorbidity?
bug? |
S. pneumona
H. influ anaerboes anerobic GNR s aurea Legionella |
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Pneumonia Pt > 65 yr with comorbidity?
tx? |
Macrolides or fluroquinolones
plus second genration |
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Commiunity acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization? what bugs?
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S. pneumonia
H. influ ananeraobes aerobic GNR Legionella Chlamydia |
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Commiunity acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization? what tx?
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extended spectrum cephalosporin
fluroquinolong add microlide for atypicals |
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Institutional/hospital acquired pneumonia?
bugs? |
GNR (E coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudo)
S. aureus Legionella mixed flora |
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Institutional/hospital acquired pneumonia?
tx? |
Extended spectrum cephalo or
beta lactam with antipsudeomal |
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What is the treatment of group A strep?
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penicillin x 10 days
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What is the triad of symptoms with brain abscess?
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fever, HA and focal neurologic def
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What is the prophylaxis given with brain abscess?
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broad spectrum IV (3rd gen, metronidazole, ancyo
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what is the treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?
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- Amphotericin B + flucytosine x2 wks then
-then maintenance with fluconazole 200mg until CD4 > 200 for 6 months |
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How do you dx PCP?
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cytology of induced sputum or bronchoscopy with silver stain
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What is the tx of PCP?
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TMP-SMX 21 days iwith prednisone taper
-alternatives clindamycin and primaquine |
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What is used as the treatment of MAC
What is the prophlaxis |
- Clarithromycin, ethambutol +/- rifabutin
Azthromycin |
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what is the tx for toxo?
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pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, folate
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what is prophylaxis toxo
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TMP-SMX or pyrimethamine + dapsone
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How do you dx TB?
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+ sputum acid fast stain
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How do you treat TB?
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-pyrazinamide, rifampin, ethambutol, INH (must give Vit B6, pyrodoxine for peripheral neuritis and hepatitis)
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What is the triad of symptoms with brain abscess?
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fever, HA and focal neurologic def
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What is the prophylaxis given with brain abscess?
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broad spectrum IV (3rd gen, metronidazole, ancyo
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what is the treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?
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- Amphotericin B + flucytosine x2 wks then
-then maintenance with fluconazole 200mg until CD4 > 200 for 6 months |
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How do you dx PCP?
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cytology of induced sputum or bronchoscopy with silver stain
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What is the tx of PCP?
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TMP-SMX 21 days iwith prednisone taper
-alternatives clindamycin and primaquine |
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What is used as the treatment of MAC
What is the prophlaxis |
- Clarithromycin, ethambutol +/- rifabutin
Azthromycin |
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what is the tx for toxo?
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pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, folate
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what is prophylaxis toxo
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TMP-SMX or pyrimethamine + dapsone
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How do you dx TB?
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+ sputum acid fast stain
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How do you treat TB?
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-pyrazinamide, rifampin, ethambutol, INH (must give Vit B6, pyrodoxine for peripheral neuritis and hepatitis)
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What is the outpt tx of pneumonia?
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first choice: macrolides
2nd: levofloxacin |
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What is the inpt tx of pneumonia CAP
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- levo or
3rd gen |
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What this the antibiotic of choice for legionella and mycoplasma?
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Macrolides, doxy and quinolones
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What is the treatment for TB?
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Rifampin
Isoniazide Pyrazinamide Ethambutol |
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What is the treatment for lung abscess?
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*** remember foul smelling sputum***
Clindamycin NO need for drainage |
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What is the test for urethritis?
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Chlamdia fluorescen ab
gonorrhea: culture |
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What is the treatment for chlamydia?
Do you treat sexual partners? |
doxycycline**
azithromycin erythromycin (prego) yes treat partners |
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What is the treatment for gonorrhea
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Ceftriaxone IM must also treat for chlamydia as well
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pyelonephritis treatment
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10-14 days fluroquinolone or TMP/SMZ
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