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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Roundworms
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a.k.a. Nematodes
Hookworms Ascaris (Toxocara) Trichuris |
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Ascaris
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Roundworm
Ingest eggs, larvae migrate to lungs Swallow larvae, adult worms grow in gut Only problematic if heavily infected - may lead to intestinal obstruction or malnourishment |
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Toxocara
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Zoonotic ascaris
People ingest eggs, larvae invade but cannot complete their life-cycle This results in larvae swimming around in blood stream w/no way to get out. Result? Liver/Brain/Eys dissemination (w/granuloma formation) |
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Visceral/Ocular Migral Larvans
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Sequelae of toxocara infection (zoonotic ascaris). Larvae incapable of leaving body and elicit an inflammatory response (granulomas) that can be found w/in viscera or eyes!
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Hookworms
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Larvae penetrate skin, migrate to lungs and are swallowed
Adult worms reside w/in gut and munch on villi, dispelling eggs in stool |
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Cutaneous Larva Migrans
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Due to zoonotic hookworm infection
Worms cannot migrate to lungs to complete lifecycle This results in a pruritic, serpentine rash |
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Trichuris
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Ingest eggs
Larvae mature in lungs Generally asymptomatic unless heavy infection |
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Enterobius Vermiculus
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"Pinworm"
Fecal-oral route Ingest eggs, larvae mature in gut. Female worm sheds eggs @ night in the perianal area |
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Strongyloides
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Larvae infect skin, migrate to and mature w/in intestinal wall
Adult worms shed larvae in stool The larvae will REINFECT host via perianal skin In addition, will often drag additional pathogens (i.e. surface bacteria) with them! |
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Which Helminth is implicated in autoinfection?
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Strongyloides
Pass larve that will reinfect through perianal skin |
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Which Helminth is implicated in hyperinfection?
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Strongyloides
With heightened reinfection, these larvae will drag other pathogens into the body (i.e. surface bacteria). The resulting scenario = sepsis on top of helminth infection |
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Trichinella
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Eat infected meat (cysts w/larvae)
Larvae become adult worms, which churn out new larvae Larvae migrate through intestine and take residence in MUSLCE - cause myositis |
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Which helminth causes myalgia?
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Tricinella (larvae invade muscle)
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Filarial Parasites
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1) Lymphatic filiarsis: spread by mosquitos; adult worms reside w/in lymph nodes and cause obstruction (elephantitis)
2) Onchocerciasis: skin/eye lesions - river blindness 3) Lao Lao: continuual migration through soft tissues/eyes |
