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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Helminths
(general) |
Large, multicellular organisms
Sexual reproduction Do NOT reproduce in host, therefore disease results from heavy infection Eosinophilia |
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Helminths
(taxonomy) |
Roundworms (nematodes)
Flatworms 1) Flukes (trematodes) 2) Tapeworms (cestodes) |
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Flukes
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a.k.a. trematodes
Flatworms (like tapeworms) Blind gut, leaf-shaped Location! Location! Location! (i.e. lung/liver/blood flukes, etc) |
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Flukes
(genera) |
Paragonimus - Pulmonary (lung)
Fasciola/Clonorchis/Opisthorchis (liver) Schitosoma (blood flukes, various species) |
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Fasciola/Clonorchis/Opisthorchis
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Liver Flukes
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Paragonimus
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Lung Fluke
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Schistosomiasis
(Life Cycle) |
Humans shed eggs
Eggs hatch and freshwater snails Recreational swimming, larvae burrow through skin Larvae carried to lung, portal system or venous system (to urinary tract) Mature, mate and produce eggs Eggs MIGRATE through bowel/bladder and are excreted w/defecation or urination |
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Schitosomiasis
(Pathogenesis) |
BASED ON HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE
3 stages 1) Dermatitis (pruritic, papular rash) w/entry 2) Acute: systemic allergic rxn w/egg production (2-8 weeks poost infection) 3) Chronic: trapped eggs, granulomas (w/resulting hepatic and urinary complications) |
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Tapeworms
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(Cestodes)
2 stages: 1) Adult tapeworm (scolex and proglottids) 2) Multicellular larvae - cysts |
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Tapeworms
(life cycle) |
Ingest cyst
Adult worm (scolex + proglottids) Occasionally shed proglottids/eggs w/feces Eggs to larvae (inside/outside animal?) Animals: larvae to tissue, form cysts |
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Cysticercosis
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Cysts in Humans!
Neurocystocercosis (cysts in CNS) Results from ingestion of EGGS (normally, people ingest cysts and get the adult tapeworm - but if we eat eggs, you can develop cysts yourself!) |
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Why get cysticercosis vs. adult tapeworm?
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It depends on what stage youo ingest!
If bad meat, you're eating the cyst - will form the adult If eggs (from poop), you'll have maturing/migrating larvae that will form cysts in YOU! |
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Neurocystocercosis
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Taenia solium
Larvae infect CNS and form cysts Viable cysts - asymptomatic or obstructive hydrocephalus Dead cysts - inflammatory response - SYMPTOMS |
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Echinococcus
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Hydatid Disease
Dogs = definitive host (house adult worms) Sheep/rodents = intermediate host (ingest eggs/larvae when grazing) Dogs eat animal meat (w/cysts) and cycle continues |
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Hydatid Disease
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Echnococcus
HUGE cysts that are teaming w/larvae (very promiscuouos - therefore must be EXTREMELY CAREFUL w/aspiration) |
