Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Meningococcal meningitis - transmission
|
Neisseria meningitidis
Droplet transmission from nasopharynx of colonized person |
|
|
Meningococcal meningitis - prevention
|
Respiratory and droplet precautions until on antibiotics for 24 hours
Timely post-exposure prophylaxis - exposed health care workers, close contact, classmates in day care |
|
|
Meningococcal meningitis - regimens
|
Ciprofloxacin
Rifampin Ceftriaxone Within 24 hours of exposure |
|
|
Tuberculosis - transmission
|
Droplet nuclei expelled by a patient with active TB
|
|
|
Tuberculosis - prevention
|
Negative pressure isolation
N95 respirators |
|
|
Tuberculosis - evaluation
|
PPD
Culture and sputum |
|
|
Tuberculosis - post-exposure assessment
|
TB skin test
Immediate initiation of TB drug regimen for 6 months CXR INH therapy for 9 months |
|
|
Body substance exposures - pathogens
|
HIV
HBV HCV |
|
|
Body substance exposures - factors in assessment
|
Source seroprevalence
Frequency and nature of exposures - percutaneous injury is most dangerous Risk of seroconversion per exposure Susceptibility of host |
|
|
Body substance exposures - precautions
|
Gloves, mask, gowns, and eyewear
Prompt handwashing Prompt disposal of needles or sharps Double gloving |
|
|
Body substance exposures - hep B
|
20-40% on percutaneous exposure if antigen positive
Recommend hep B vaccine Give hep B Ig |
|
|
Body substance exposures - hep C
|
Risk with percutaneous injury - 10% with hep C viral RNA, 3% with unknown presence of viral RNA
Check HCV antigen and RNA test Interferon therapy |
|
|
Body substance exposures - HIV
|
0.25% risk with percutaneous exposure
Initiate prophylaxis immediately - 28 days of ART |
