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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MIC
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Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Lower MIC = increased susceptibility |
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MBC
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Minimum Bacteriocidal Concentration
99.9% (3 log) decrease in growth over 24 hrs |
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Aminoglycosides
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- Tobramycin, gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin
- Aerobic G- - Concentration-dependent killing (activity proportional to peak concentration -- > qd dosing) - Nephro / ototoxicity |
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Tetracyclines
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- Very broad PSI (30S)
- Enter G- thru porins (mino/doxy more lipophilic) - Rickettsial, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma, s. aureus - Resistance 2/2 altered porins / active efflux - Divalent cations, stain teeth - Doxy safe in renal failure (bile excretion) |
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Macrolides
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- Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin
- 50S - Similar action to PCN G (use in PCN allergy - except anaerobes) |
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Clindamycin
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- 50S PSI
- G+ (staph), anaerobic (odontogenic) - Poor CSF, bone penetration |
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Linezolid
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- PSI (inhibit 70S formation)
- S. aureus (incl MRSA), strep, enterococcus (incl VRE) - BM suppression (after ~ 2 wks) - Weak MAOi |
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Rifampin
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- Inhibits RNA polymerase
- G+, mycobacteria - Hepatotoxicity (cholestatic) - Rx interactions - Red-orange staining |
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PCN + Beta-lactamase Inhibitors
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1. Piperacillin / Tazobactam (Zosyn)
2. Ampicillin / Sulbactam 3. Amoxicillin / Clavulanate (Augmentin) |
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Metronidazole
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- After reduced -- > damages DNA
- Highly bacteriocidal vs. anaerobic - Protozoans (trichomonas, giardia, amebiasis) - Disulfiram-like reaction - Sensory neuropathy w/ prolonged use |
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Anaerobic Infection Rx
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1. Strep -- > PCN
2. Oropharyngeal -- > clindamycin, PCN, PCN+beta-lactamase inhibitor 3. Intestinal -- > metronidazole, cefoxitin/cefotetan, carbapenem, above - metronidazole, chloramphenicol for abscesses |
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Zosyn
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- G- (incl pseudomonas)
- Anaerobes - No MRSA, VRE |
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Clindamycin
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- PSI
- Add to zosyn to decrease toxin production by anaerobic (e.g. clostridium perfringins) |
