Icp Drug List

Front 1

Routes of Admin

Back 1

Enteral (via GI/alimentary Tract--Oral; Sublingual, Rectal) or Parenteral (NOT via GI tract--Inhalation; IV; IM; SC; Transdermal, Topical)

Routes of Admin

Front 2

Anxiolytics/Premed/Morning Cocktail

Back 2

can give w/ narcotic like Fentanyl, but lower dose or will see resp depression

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 3

Anxiolytics

Back 3

a drug that relieves anxiety.
|| An anxiolytic (antipanic or antianxiety agent) is a drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety.
|| Some anxiolytics have been shown to be useful in the treatment of anxiety disorders, as have antidepressants such as the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Front 4

Midazolam
Drug
(trade name)

Back 4

(Versed)

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 5

Midazolam
Class

Back 5

Benzodiazepine

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 6

Benzodiazepine

Back 6

a drug belonging to a group of minor tranquilizers.
|| Use: short-term treatment for sleeping difficulties.
|| Benzodiazepines have varying sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic properties.
|| These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal.
|| Benzodiazepines vary in their elimination half-life, and are categorized as either short-, intermediate- or long-acting.
|| Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety.

Front 7

Midazolam
Uses

Back 7

Anxiolysis,
Sedation, Amnesia

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 8

Midazolam
[ Supplied ]

Back 8

1mg/mL

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 9

Midazolam
Dosing--card

Back 9

1mg
(0.5-2.0) or 0.15-0.3 mg/ kg

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 10

Midazolam
Dosing--Stever

Back 10

1-2.5mg

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 11

Midazolam
Caution

Back 11

Hepatic Disease, Elderly, Synergy w/ Narcotics

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 12

Midazolam
Notes

Back 12

Onset 2-5m

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 13

Induction Drugs

Back 13

very lipid soluble, fast on, fast off, short duration (3-5m), Note propofol/etomidate burn on injection, ketamine has Analgesic effects, and thiopental has a high pH…watch out for crystallization of drug if added w/ acidic drug…instead, push thiopental, flush through into body w/ IV fluid, then do acidic drug

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 14

Propofol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 14

(Diprivan)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 15

Propofol
Class

Back 15

Diisopropylphenol

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 16

Propofol
Uses

Back 16

Induction,
Sedation, MAC

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 17

Propofol
[ Supplied ]

Back 17

10mg/mL

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 18

Propofol
Dosing--card

Back 18

2mg/kg
(1-2.5)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 19

Propofol
Dosing--Stever

Back 19

1.5-2.5mg/kg Ind; 25-100mcg/kg/min Inf.
||
Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 20

Propofol
Caution

Back 20

Bacterial growth, soy/egg allergy

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 21

Propofol
Notes

Back 21

Pain on injection, emulsion, elim via redist., ↓ PONV & BP

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 22

Etomidate
Drug
(trade name)

Back 22

(Amidate)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 23

Etomidate
Class

Back 23

Carboxylated imidazole

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 24

Etomidate
Uses

Back 24

Induction, Hypnosis

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 25

Etomidate
[ Supplied ]

Back 25

2mg/ml

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 26

Etomidate
Dosing--card

Back 26

0.3mg/kg (0.2-0.5)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 27

Etomidate
Dosing--Stever

Back 27

0.2-0.3mg/kg

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 28

Etomidate
Caution

Back 28

Pain on injection, Myoclonus, PONV, 35% propylene glycol--BURNS

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 29

Etomidate
Notes

Back 29

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 30

Ketamine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 30

(Ketalar)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 31

Ketamine
Class

Back 31

Phencyclidine

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 32

Phencyclidine

Back 32

PCP is an arylcyclohexylamine derivative, and, in pharmacology, it is a member of the family of dissociative anesthetics.
|| PCP works primarily as an NMDA receptor antagonist, which blocks the activity of the NMDA receptor.[3] Other NMDA receptor antagonists include ketamine, tiletamine, and dextromethorphan.

Front 33

Ketamine
Uses

Back 33

Induction,
Analgesia, Amnesia

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 34

Ketamine
[ Supplied ]

Back 34

10, 50, 100 mg/ml

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 35

Ketamine
Dosing--card

Back 35

2mg/kg IV
(1-2); 5mg/kg (3-5) IM

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 36

Ketamine
Dosing--Stever

Back 36

Analgesia 0.2-0.5mg/kg; Induction 1-2mg/kg IV (4-8mg/kg IM)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 37

Ketamine
Caution

Back 37

Emergence Delirium, Drug Interactions-- dec.
amnt inhaled agent needed, potentiates NMB

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 38

Ketamine
Notes

Back 38

lasts 1 hour, "Special K", deriv.
of PCP

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 39

Sodium Thiopental
Drug
(trade name)

Back 39

Sodium Thiopental
(aka: Sodium Pentothal)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 40

Sodium Thiopental
Class

Back 40

Barbiturate

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 41

Barbiturate

Back 41

A drug with sedative and hypnotic properties belonging to a group of derivatives of barbituric acid

Front 42

Sodium Thiopental
Uses

Back 42

Induction,
cerebral protection

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 43

Sodium Thiopental
[ Supplied ]

Back 43

2.5%

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 44

Sodium Thiopental
Dosing--card

Back 44

4mg/kg (3-6)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 45

Sodium Thiopental
Dosing--Stever

Back 45

3-5 mg/kg

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 46

Sodium Thiopental
Caution

Back 46

Drug Interaction (add acidic drug w/ it-->Precip.); Apnea

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 47

Sodium Thiopental
Notes

Back 47

Will burn b/c high pH of 10 v.
pH of blood 7.4;
Garlic Taste

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 48

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs

Back 48

Paralysis/Muscle Relaxation; Facilitate tracheal intubation, improve surgical working conditions, good for mechanical ventilation of lungs, treat laryngospasm; Classified/chosen according or whether Depolarizing (mimics ACh, binds receptor @ muscle and activates receptor) or Non-depolarizing (binds @ receptor and blocks ACh), duration of action (whether long, intermediate or short acting; duration also affected by liver/kidney disease so keep that in mind), speed of onset, side effects, & pathophysiology; Act by interupting transmission of nerve impulses at NMJ of muscles; review in ppt adverse effects of SUX); Note: Int= Intubation Dose, Inf= Infusion

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 49

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs

Back 49

Neuromuscular-blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles.
|| This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically via the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release, or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptor.
|| While there are drugs that act presynaptically (such as botulin toxin and tetrodotoxin), the clinically-relevant drugs work postsynaptically.
|| Clinically, neuromuscular block is used as an adjunct to anesthesia to induce paralysis, so that surgery, especially intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic surgeries, can be carried out with fewer complications.
|| Because neuromuscular block may paralyze muscles required for breathing, mechanical ventilation should be available to maintain adequate respiration.
|| Patients are still aware of pain even after full conduction block has occurred; hence, general anesthetics and/or analgesics must be given to prevent anesthesia awareness.

Front 50

Succinylcholine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 50

(Anectine)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 51

Succinylcholine
Class

Back 51

Depolarizing NMBD

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 52

Succinylcholine
Uses

Back 52

Intubation, Paralysis, Laryngospasm

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 53

Succinylcholine
[ Supplied ]

Back 53

20mg/ml

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 54

Succinylcholine
Dosing--card

Back 54

1mg/kg
(1-1.5)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 55

Succinylcholine
Dosing--Stever

Back 55

Int same; Laryngospasm 0.1mg/kg IV

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 56

Succinylcholine
Caution

Back 56

Bradycardia, Hyperalkemia, open globe injury (increases cerebral, intraabdominal and intraoccular pressure)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 57

Succinylcholine
Notes

Back 57

Onset: 60sec
Duration: 3-5 min
Causes Fasciculations

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 58

Rocuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 58

(Zemuron)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 59

Rocuronium
Class

Back 59

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 60

Aminosteroid

Back 60

Aminosteroids are a group of drugs with a similar structure based on a steroid nucleus.
Examples are the muscle relaxants rocuronium, vecuronium and pancuronium.

Front 61

Rocuronium
Uses

Back 61

Paralysis, RSI

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 62

Rocuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 62

10mg/ml

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 63

Rocuronium
Dosing--card

Back 63

0.6mg/kg (0.6-1.2)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 64

Rocuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 64

Int same (RSI dose), Maint 0.1mg/kg, Infusion 5-12 mcg/kg/min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 65

Rocuronium
Caution

Back 65

Renal failure (b/c excreted via kidneys)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 66

Rocuronium
Notes

Back 66

Onset: 1-2 min
Duration: 20-35min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 67

Vecuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 67

(Norcuron)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 68

Vecuronium
Class

Back 68

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 69

Vecuronium
Uses

Back 69

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 70

Vecuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 70

10mg powder vial, reconst.
to 1mg/ml w/ 10cc sdH2O

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 71

Vecuronium
Dosing--card

Back 71

0.1mg/kg (0.08-0.12)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 72

Vecuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 72

Int same, Inf 1-2mcg/kg/min, Maint 0.01mg/kg

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 73

Vecuronium
Caution

Back 73

Renal/Hepatic Dysfunction(elim.
Via these routes), Peds/ Elderly (larger/smaller dose resp.)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 74

Vecuronium
Notes

Back 74

onset 3-5 m
Duration: 20-35 min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 75

Cisatracurium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 75

(Nimbex)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 76

Cisatracurium
Class

Back 76

Benzyl isoquinolinium, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 77

Benzyl isoquinolinium

Back 77

Isoquinolines find many applications, including (but not limited to): anesthetics; dimethisoquin is one example.
vasodilators, a well-known example, papaverine.

Front 78

Cisatracurium
Uses

Back 78

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 79

Cisatracurium
[ Supplied ]

Back 79

20mg vial (2mg/ml)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 80

Cisatracurium
Dosing--card

Back 80

0.1mg/kg (0.1-0.15)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 81

Cisatracurium
Dosing--Stever

Back 81

Int same, Inf 1-2mcg/kg/min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 82

Cisatracurium
Caution

Back 82

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 83

Cisatracurium
Notes

Back 83

Onset: 3-5 min
Duration: 20-35 min
Hoffman Elim.,not metab in liver/kidneys, use for pt w/ renal disease

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 84

Pancuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 84

(Pavulon)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 85

Pancuronium
Class

Back 85

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 86

Pancuronium
Uses

Back 86

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 87

Pancuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 87

1mg/mL

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 88

Pancuronium
Dosing--card

Back 88

0.1mg/kg (0.08-0.12)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 89

Pancuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 89

Int same, Mt 0.01mg/kg

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 90

Pancuronium
Caution

Back 90

↑ HR (tachycardia), MAP, CO; Clearance ↓ up to 50% w/ renal failure

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 91

Pancuronium
Notes

Back 91

Onset: 3-5 min
Duration: 60-90 min
Long duration, Hepatic/Renal Elim.
||
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 92

Atracurium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 92

(Tracrium)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 93

Atracurium
Class

Back 93

Benzyl isoquinolinium, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 94

Atracurium
Uses

Back 94

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 95

Atracurium
[ Supplied ]

Back 95

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 96

Atracurium
Dosing--card

Back 96

0.5mg/kg (0.3-0.6)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 97

Atracurium
Dosing--Stever

Back 97

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 98

Atracurium
Caution

Back 98

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 99

Atracurium
Notes

Back 99

Onset: 3-5 min; Duration 20-35 min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 100

Opioids/Narcotics

Back 100

Pain Relief; choose based on potency, onset/duration time and method of metabolization (keep byproducts and their toxicity in mind).
||
Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 101

Opioids

Back 101

Any opium-containing substance that is produced naturally in the brain.
Similar in effect or properties to opium but not derived from opium.
An opioid is a chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors, which are found principally in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract.
The receptors in these two organ systems mediate both the beneficial effects and the side effects of opioids.
The analgesic (pain relieving) effects of opioids are due to decreased perception of pain, decreased reaction to pain as well as increased pain tolerance.
The side effects of opioids include sedation, respiratory depression, and constipation.
Opioids can cause cough suppression, which can be both an indication for opioid administration or an unintended side effect.

Front 102

Narcotics

Back 102

Agents that benumb or deaden, causing loss of feeling or paralysis.
Something that soothes, induces sleep, relieves pain or stress, or causes a sensation of mental numbness.

Front 103

Morphine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 103

Morphine

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 104

Morphine
Class

Back 104

Natural

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 105

Morphine
Uses

Back 105

IV, epidural,
spinal--Pain relief

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 106

Morphine
[ Supplied ]

Back 106

10mg/ml

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 107

Morphine
Dosing--card

Back 107

0.1mg/kg (0.05-0.15)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 108

Morphine
Dosing--Stever

Back 108

Intraop 0.1-1mg/kg IV; Postop 0.03-0.15mg/kg IV

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 109

Morphine
Caution

Back 109

Depression of ventilation; PONV, Biliary spasm, Itching, Histamine release

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 110

Morphine
Notes

Back 110

IV/IM, low lipid solubility-->slower onset(15-30m), Potency 1, 2-10mg peak effect 45-90m, duration 3-4h, metab.
in liver/kidnerys, active metabolite almost as potent as morphine, so will accumulate & last longer in pt w/ kidney/renal disease.

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 111

Fentanyl
Drug
(trade name)

Back 111

Fentanyl

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 112

Fentanyl
Class

Back 112

Synthetic Opioid

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 113

Synthetic Opioid

Back 113

An Opiod made artificially by chemical synthesis, especially so as to resemble a natural product

Front 114

Fentanyl
Uses

Back 114

Analgesia

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 115

Fentanyl
[ Supplied ]

Back 115

50mcg/ml

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 116

Fentanyl
Dosing--card

Back 116

1-2mcg/kg premed; 2-5mcg/kg during Ind.
||
Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 117

Fentanyl
Dosing--Stever

Back 117

low dose 1-2mcg/kg, mod dose 2-20 mcg/kg, Inf 1-2mcg/kg/hr

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 118

Fentanyl
Caution

Back 118

75-125x more potent than morphine

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 119

Fentanyl
Notes

Back 119

VERY lipid soluble & protein bound, can do IV,transdermal or PO, Peak effect 3-5m, duration 30-60m, 75% undergoes 1st pass pulmonary uptake/metab., Hemodynamic stability(doesn't cause histamine release), Drug interactions (can dec.
inhalation/induction agent dose req'd), can cause postop depression

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 120

Meperidine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 120

(Demerol)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 121

Meperidine
Class

Back 121

synthetic opioid

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 122

Meperidine
Uses

Back 122

Analgesia, postop shivering prevention

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 123

Meperidine
[ Supplied ]

Back 123

2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 124

Meperidine
Dosing--card

Back 124

12.5mg (shivering dose)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 125

Meperidine
Dosing--Stever

Back 125

periop analgesia 75-100mg IV, postop shivering 25mg IV

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 126

Meperidine
Caution

Back 126

Neurotoxic(active metab.
Accumulates--> seizures, esp in pt w/ renal disease), Renal Disease; Histamine Release

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 127

Meperidine
Notes

Back 127

Less potent than morphine (0.1 = potency)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 128

Hydromorphone
Drug
(trade name)

Back 128

(Dilaudid)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 129

Hydromorphone
Class

Back 129

Semi-synthetic

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 130

Semi-synthetic

Back 130

"_____" or partial chemical _____ is a type of chemical synthesis that uses compounds isolated from natural sources (e.g.
plant material or bacterial or cell cultures) as starting materials.
These natural biomolecules are usually large and complex molecules.
This is opposed to a total _____ where large molecules are synthesized from a stepwise combination of small and cheap (petrochemical) building blocks.

Front 131

Hydromorphone
Uses

Back 131

Analgesia

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 132

Hydromorphone
[ Supplied ]

Back 132

2mg ampule

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 133

Hydromorphone
Dosing--card

Back 133

0.5mg
(0.25-1.0)

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 134

Hydromorphone
Dosing--Stever

Back 134

0.5-2 mg

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 135

Hydromorphone
Caution

Back 135

8x as potent as morphine

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 136

Hydromorphone
Notes

Back 136

synth heroine, long-term postop pain relief

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 137

Narcotic Antagonist

Back 137

An opioid antagonist is a receptor antagonist that acts on opioid receptors.
|| A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that does not provoke a biological response itself upon binding to a receptor, but blocks or dampens agonist-mediated responses.[1] In pharmacology, antagonists have affinity but no efficacy for their cognate receptors, and binding will disrupt the interaction and inhibit the function of an agonist or inverse agonist at receptors.
Antagonists mediate their effects by binding to the active site or to allosteric sites on receptors, or they may interact at unique binding sites not normally involved in the biological regulation of the receptor's activity.
||
Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 138

Narcotic Antagonist / Opioid antagonists

Back 138

Drugs which are competitive antagonists that bind to the opioid receptors with higher affinity than agonists but do not activate the receptors.
This effectively blocks the receptor, preventing the body from responding to opiates and endorphins.

Front 139

Naloxone
Drug
(trade name)

Back 139

(Narcan)

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 140

Naloxone
Class

Back 140

Opioid antagonists

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 141

Naloxone
Uses

Back 141

overdose, resp.
depression, REVERSE OPIOID

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 142

Naloxone
[ Supplied ]

Back 142

0.4 mg vial

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 143

Naloxone
Dosing--card

Back 143

20-40-80 mcg (progressive dosing)

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 144

Naloxone
Dosing--Stever

Back 144

1-4 mcg/kg

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 145

Naloxone
Caution

Back 145

causes N/V, pain, tachycardia, increased SNS output (all b/c taken away analgesia), DILUTE 0.4mg vial in 10mL and give 1-2ml over 2-3 minutes

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 146

Naloxone
Notes

Back 146

Quick onset--1min

Narcotic Antagonist
Group 5

Front 147

Maintenance Drugs

Back 147

Keep pt asleep/Volatile Inhalation Drugs--not on card; note breathing circuit--FGF determined by vaporizer and flowmeter settings, Fi det.
By FGF rate, breathing circuit volume and circuit absorption, FA (alveolar gas [c]) determined by uptake, ventilation, and [c] effect/2nd gas effect, Fa (arterial gas [c]) affected by ventilation/perfusion mismatching; MAC-Minimum Aveolar Concentration, or the [c] of the anesthetic vapor needed to prevent movement in 50% of patients in response to pain/surgical stimulus; MAC allows for comparison of potency, values are additive, 1.3MAC prevents mvmt in 95% of pts, 6% decrease in MAC per decade of age starting in 20s, values listed below are for 50 year olds; Pulmonary System--All volatiles INCREASE RR, DECREASE Tidal Volume-->net effect of decreased Minute Ventilation--> rapid shallow breathing, also Decrease ventilatory response to both hypoxemia and hypercarbia and decrease functional residual capacity (FRC); Note that SEVO has byproduct Compound A--Use high flows (2L/min) and DES has byproduct of Carbon Monoxide; ISO-purple, Des-Blue, Sevo-yellow.
SID = mnemonic, most to least metabolized in the liver

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 148

Maintenance Drugs

Back 148

In pharmacokinetics, a loading dose refers to an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower _____ dose.
A loading dose is most useful for drugs that are eliminated from the body relatively slowly.
Such drugs need only a low _____ dose in order to keep the amount of the drug in the body at the appropriate level, but this also means that, without an initial higher dose, it would take a long time for the amount of the drug in the body to reach that level.

Front 149

Isoflurane
Drug
(trade name)

Back 149

Isoflurane

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 150

Isoflurane
Class

Back 150

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 151

Isoflurane
Uses

Back 151

Maintenance

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 152

Isoflurane
[ Supplied ]

Back 152

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 153

Isoflurane
Dosing--card

Back 153

N/A

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 154

Isoflurane
Dosing--Stever

Back 154

MAC 1.1%

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 155

Isoflurane
Caution

Back 155

Highly Potent, A/W irritant, trickles to fat and prolongs emergence, min metabolism 0.2%(breathe out most of what we just breathed in)

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 156

Isoflurane
Notes

Back 156

Very stable CV changes-minimal at 1 Mac, smells bad

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 157

Desflurane
Drug
(trade name)

Back 157

Desflurane

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 158

Desflurane
Class

Back 158

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 159

Desflurane
Uses

Back 159

Maintenance

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 160

Desflurane
[ Supplied ]

Back 160

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 161

Desflurane
Dosing--card

Back 161

N/A

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 162

Desflurane
Dosing--Stever

Back 162

MAC 6.0%

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 163

Desflurane
Caution

Back 163

Pungent-A/W irritant(avoid w/ reactive airways/pt w/ asthma or smoking history even), Carbon Monoxide formation in CO2 absorber

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 164

Desflurane
Notes

Back 164

Highly insoluble-prompt recovery/emergence, Easily titratable due to high MAC

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 165

Sevoflurane
Drug
(trade name)

Back 165

Sevoflurane

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 166

Sevoflurane
Class

Back 166

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 167

Sevoflurane
Uses

Back 167

Maintenance

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 168

Sevoflurane
[ Supplied ]

Back 168

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 169

Sevoflurane
Dosing--card

Back 169

N/A

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 170

Sevoflurane
Dosing--Stever

Back 170

MAC 2.0%

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 171

Sevoflurane
Caution

Back 171

Compound A formation(use high flows), metabolized 2-5%, renal tubular injury, Prompt Recovery

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 172

Sevoflurane
Notes

Back 172

sweet smelling, least a/w irritant, used for inhalational inductions, particularly in pediatrics

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 173

Nitrous Oxide
Drug
(trade name)

Back 173

Nitrous Oxide

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 174

Nitrous Oxide
Class

Back 174

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 175

Nitrous Oxide
Uses

Back 175

Maintenance--additive

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 176

Nitrous Oxide
[ Supplied ]

Back 176

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 177

Nitrous Oxide
Dosing--card

Back 177

N/A

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 178

Nitrous Oxide
Dosing--Stever

Back 178

MAC>100%

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 179

Nitrous Oxide
Caution

Back 179

Enclosed spaces, Diffusion Hypoxia (can replace O2 in aveoli w/ N20, attenuate w/ O2 through canula/facemask)

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 180

Nitrous Oxide
Notes

Back 180

Analgesic properties, sweet smelling, easy to breathe, remember ~ hypoxic mixture stuff; decrease amnt of inhaled anesthetic when using N2O b/c MACs additive, ↑ PONV???

Maintenance Drugs
Group 6

Front 181

Sympathomimetics

Back 181

Uppers; ↑BP; pt's "tubes" not full b/c haven't eaten, dehydrated, etc., if you vasoconstrict you can increase volume compared to size of tube, inserting ETT raises BP b/c it is a strong stimulus, then BP may drop until next stimulus--surgical incision, so may need to use these until then to keep BP at desired/reasonable rate; Divided into Catecholamines & Synthetic Noncatecholamines; work through activation of α (vasculature--vasocontriction), β1 (heart--↑HR) and/or β2 (lungs--brachial relaxation) receptors--remember this w/ mnemonic 1 Heart, 2 lungs for beta receptors

Sympathomimetics
Group 7

Front 182

Sympathomimetics

Back 182

Describes a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system or produces physiological effects similar to it

Front 183

Epinephrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 183

Epinephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 184

Epinephrine
Class

Back 184

Catecholamine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 185

Catecholamine

Back 185

A compound that acts as a neurotransmitter or hormone.
Catecholamines are sympathomimetic "fight-or-flight" hormones that are released by the adrenal glands in response to stress.
They are part of the sympathetic nervous system.
The most abundant catecholamines are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and dopamine, all of which are produced from phenylalanine and tyrosine.

Front 186

Epinephrine
Uses

Back 186

↑HR/BP, Anaphylaxis, bronchospam

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 187

Epinephrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 187

16mcg/ml syringe; 4mcg/ml bag

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 188

Epinephrine
Dosing--card

Back 188

8mcg (8-16) Dose-i

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 189

Epinephrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 189

sm dose 1-2mcg/min β2 (lungs/bronchial tubes); med dose 4mcg/min β1 (heart); large dose 10-20 mcg/min α&β(vacular smooth muscle)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 190

Epinephrine
Caution

Back 190

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 191

Epinephrine
Notes

Back 191

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 192

Ephedrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 192

Ephedrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 193

Ephedrine
Class

Back 193

Synthetic non-catecholamine; direct/indirect action

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 194

Ephedrine
Uses

Back 194

↑HR/BP

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 195

Ephedrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 195

5mg/ml(from 25 or 50 mg/ 1mL vial)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 196

Ephedrine
Dosing--card

Back 196

5mg (5-25) initial dose

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 197

Ephedrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 197

5-20 mg

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 198

Ephedrine
Caution

Back 198

Tachyphylaxis (tolerance), depletion of norepinephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 199

Ephedrine
Notes

Back 199

works @ symp.
N terminal & releases norepinephrine to ↑BP

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 200

Phenylephrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 200

Phenylephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 201

Phenylephrine
Class

Back 201

Synthetic non-catecholamine; direct action

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 202

Phenylephrine
Uses

Back 202

↑BP, Nasal decongestant (use w/ insertion of NA)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 203

Phenylephrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 203

100mcg/mL

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 204

Phenylephrine
Dosing--card

Back 204

100mcg (50-200)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 205

Phenylephrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 205

Bolus 50-100mcg, Inf 0.25-1 mcg/kg/min

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 206

Phenylephrine
Caution

Back 206

Increased afterload(heart pumping against high P), Reflex Bradycardia (↑BP but ↓HR)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 207

Phenylephrine
Notes

Back 207

binds to α receptors to vasoconstrict "pipe"

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 208

Norepinephrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 208

Norepinephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 209

Norepinephrine
Class

Back 209

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 210

Norepinephrine
Uses

Back 210

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 211

Norepinephrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 211

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 212

Norepinephrine
Dosing--card

Back 212

16mcg(8-16)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 213

Norepinephrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 213

N/A

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 214

Norepinephrine
Caution

Back 214

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 215

Norepinephrine
Notes

Back 215

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 216

Antihypertensives

Back 216

Downers; ↓BP; β-blockers block β1 receptors to lower HR while Peripheral Vasodialators work against α1 receptors to dialate vasculature and cause a decrease in BP (nitroprusside and nitroglycerin work to relax vascular smooth muscle through Nitrous oxide--N2O)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 217

Antihypertensives

Front 218

Esmolol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 218

Esmolol (Brevibloc)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 219

Esmolol
Class

Back 219

Cardioselective β Blocker

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 220

Cardioselective β Blocker

Back 220

A drug that regulates the activity of the heart.
Use: treatment of high blood pressure.
A class of drugs used for various indications, but particularly for the management of cardiac arrhythmias, cardioprotection after myocardial infarction (heart attack), and hypertension.
Beta blockers may also be referred to as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, beta-adrenergic antagonists, or beta antagonists.

Front 221

Esmolol
Uses

Back 221

↓ HR

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 222

Esmolol
[ Supplied ]

Back 222

100mg (10mg/mL in 10 ml)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 223

Esmolol
Dosing--card

Back 223

5 mg (5-10)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 224

Esmolol
Dosing--Stever

Back 224

0.2-0.5 mg/kg

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 225

Esmolol
Caution

Back 225

↓HR/Contractility/BP, CHF (exacerbate pts w/ this); Asthma

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 226

Esmolol
Notes

Back 226

Degraded by pseudocholinesterases, so fast off; selective for β1 receptors, Duration minutes

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 227

Metoprolol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 227

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 228

Metoprolol
Class

Back 228

β blocker, long acting, selective forβ1recept(heart)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 229

Metoprolol
Uses

Back 229

↓ HR

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 230

Metoprolol
[ Supplied ]

Back 230

5mg (1mg/ml)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 231

Metoprolol
Dosing--card

Back 231

N/A

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 232

Metoprolol
Dosing--Stever

Back 232

1-2mg

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 233

Metoprolol
Caution

Back 233

↓HR/Contractility/BP, CHF (exacerbate pts w/ this); Asthma

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 234

Metoprolol
Notes

Back 234

pretty much same as Esmolol but Duration = hours

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 235

Labetolol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 235

Labetolol (normodyne)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 236

Labetolol
Class

Back 236

Mixed antagonists α1, β1, β2

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 237

Mixed antagonists

Back 237

In the field of pharmacology, a selective receptor modulator or SRM is a type of drug that has different effects in different tissues.
A SRM may behave as an agonist in some tissues while as an antagonist in others.
Hence selective receptor modulators are sometimes referred to as tissue selective drugs or mixed agonists / antagonists.
This tissue selective behavior is in contrast to many other drugs that behave either as agonists or antagonists regardless of the tissue in question.

Front 238

Labetolol
Uses

Back 238

Control HR & BP

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 239

Labetolol
[ Supplied ]

Back 239

5mg/ml (20ml vial)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 240

Labetolol
Dosing--card

Back 240

5mg (5-10)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 241

Labetolol
Dosing--Stever

Back 241

0.1-0.25 mg/kg

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 242

Labetolol
Caution

Back 242

Avoid in asthmatic pt--works in lungs

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 243

Labetolol
Notes

Back 243

α1 and nonselective β1 & β2 antagonist; β:α = 7:1

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 244

Sodium Nitroprusside
Drug
(trade name)

Back 244

Sodium Nitroprusside

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 245

Sodium Nitroprusside
Class

Back 245

Hypotensive Agent

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 246

Hypotensive Agent

Back 246

An agent that unusually induces low blood pressure.
In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure.
This is best understood as a physiologic state, rather than a disease.
It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it.
Hypotension is the opposite of hypertension, which is high blood pressure.
Hypotension can be life-threatening.

Front 247

Sodium Nitroprusside
Uses

Back 247

Relax arterial and venous (↓ bld bk to heart and ↓ P it pumps angainst)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 248

Sodium Nitroprusside
[ Supplied ]

Back 248

100mcg/mL

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 249

Sodium Nitroprusside
Dosing--card

Back 249

50mcg (25-50)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 250

Sodium Nitroprusside
Dosing--Stever

Back 250

bolus 1-2mcg/kg, Inf 0.5-10 mcg/kg/min

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 251

Sodium Nitroprusside
Caution

Back 251

Non-selective (Venous dilation=arterial), cyanide toxicity (byproduct), Methemoglobinemia

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 252

Sodium Nitroprusside
Notes

Back 252

short acting; light sensitive

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 253

Nitroglycerin
Drug
(trade name)

Back 253

Nitroglycerin

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 254

Nitroglycerin
Class

Back 254

Hypotensive Agent

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 255

Nitroglycerin
Uses

Back 255

Angina, HTN (used to treat)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 256

Nitroglycerin
[ Supplied ]

Back 256

100mcg/mL

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 257

Nitroglycerin
Dosing--card

Back 257

50mcg; Bolus 50-100mcg, Inf 0.5-10mcg/kg/min

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 258

Nitroglycerin
Dosing--Stever

Back 258

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 259

Nitroglycerin
Caution

Back 259

Principal Venous Dilator, ↓ Ventric Wall Tension

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 260

Nitroglycerin
Notes

Back 260

Dec Preload, dilate coronary arteries, fast on/fast off

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 261

Hydralazine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 261

Hydralazine

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 262

Hydralazine
Class

Back 262

Hypotensive Agent

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 263

Hydralazine
Uses

Back 263

HTN (treat HTN, ↓ BP)

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 264

Hydralazine
[ Supplied ]

Back 264

20mg in 1mL

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 265

Hydralazine
Dosing--card

Back 265

N/A

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 266

Hydralazine
Dosing--Stever

Back 266

5-20mg

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 267

Hydralazine
Caution

Back 267

Principal Arterial Dilator, Tachycardia, Headache Angina, Flushing Rash

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 268

Hydralazine
Notes

Back 268

Onset 20m (slow), Duration 6-8 hours (time to raise bp back up in give too much),↑bld flow 2 head--> headache

Antihypertensives
Group 8

Front 269

NMB Reversal Drugs

Back 269

The Wake Up; Induction drugs long gone, turned gas off so that is gone too, need to get rid of NMBs; Anticholinesterase Drugs prevent the hydrolysis of Ach, and an increase [Ach] @ NMJ competes with ND NMBDs; clinical uses--reversal of Non-depol NMBDs; Mech.
of action--enzyme inhibition, pre-synaptic effects, NMJ effects; get this increase [Ach] everywhere though, so get the BLUDS effect--attenuate by using in combination w/ Anticholinergic drugs; BLUDS= bradycardia/bronchospasm, lacrimation, urination, defication, salivation; Anticholinergic Drugs used clinically most often as pre-op med, for treatment of bradycardia, for NDNMB reversal and less frequently for bronchodialation, smooth muscle relaxant, antagonist of gastric acid secretion, & to prevent N/V; work by blocking muscarinic Ach receptors activated by parasymp.
NS, careful though....will cause dialation of pupils (worsens Glaucoma) and will cross placenta in pregnant woman (Cautions=Glaucoma/Parturients).
(Parturient=pregnant woman)

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 270

Neostigmine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 270

Neostigmine

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 271

Neostigmine
Class

Back 271

Anticholinesterase

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 272

Anticholinesterase

Back 272

A substance that blocks the activity of the enzyme cholinesterase, increasing the concentration of acetylcholine in the body.
An _____ inhibitor or _____ is a chemical that inhibits the cholinesterase enzyme from breaking down ACh, increasing both the level and duration of action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Front 273

Neostigmine
Uses

Back 273

NMB REVERSAL

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 274

Neostigmine
[ Supplied ]

Back 274

1mg/ml or 0.5 mg/ml

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 275

Neostigmine
Dosing--card

Back 275

0.04mg/kg

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 276

Neostigmine
Dosing--Stever

Back 276

0.04-0.07mg/kg

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 277

Neostigmine
Caution

Back 277

BLUDS , Hypotension

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 278

Neostigmine
Notes

Back 278

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 279

Glycopyrrolate
Drug
(trade name)

Back 279

Glycopyrrolate (Robinol)

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 280

Glycopyrrolate
Class

Back 280

Anticholinergic

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 281

Anticholinergic

Back 281

Blocking nerve impulses that are part of the stress response

Front 282

Glycopyrrolate
Uses

Back 282

Antisialigogue, accompany NMB Reversal to fight BLUDS

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 283

Glycopyrrolate
[ Supplied ]

Back 283

0.2mg/ml

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 284

Glycopyrrolate
Dosing--card

Back 284

0.01mg/kg

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 285

Glycopyrrolate
Dosing--Stever

Back 285

premed 0.2 mg IM; Reversal 0.2mg per 1mg Neostigmine

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 286

Glycopyrrolate
Caution

Back 286

Glaucoma, Parturients

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 287

Glycopyrrolate
Notes

Back 287

good for reversal b/c don't get a big ↑ in HR

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 288

Atropine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 288

Atropine

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 289

Atropine
Class

Back 289

Anticholinergic

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 290

Anticholinergic

Back 290

An _____ agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system. An example of an .
is dicyclomine. .
s are administered to reduce the effects mediated by acetylcholine on acetylcholine receptors in neurons through competitive inhibition. Therefore, their effects are reversible.

Front 291

Atropine
Uses

Back 291

Bradycardia, accompany NMB Reversal to fight BLUDS

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 292

Atropine
[ Supplied ]

Back 292

0.4, 0.5, 1mg/ml

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 293

Atropine
Dosing--card

Back 293

1.0mg vagolytic dose; 0.01mg/kg NMB reversal

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 294

Atropine
Dosing--Stever

Back 294

IM 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (up to 0.4-0.6 mg); Bradycardia 0.4-0.6mg (up to 3mg)

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 295

Atropine
Caution

Back 295

Glaucoma, Parturients

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 296

Atropine
Notes

Back 296

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 297

Antiemetics

Back 297

Prevention of PONV--common side effect of surgery, esp.
in pts having gyn, GU, eye/ear, or laproscopic surgery…also worse in women/young ppl.
||
Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 298

Antiemetics

Front 299

Ondansetron
Drug
(trade name)

Back 299

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 300

Ondansetron
Class

Back 300

Serotonin receptor antagonist

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 301

Serotonin receptor antagonist

Back 301

Nausea treatment. A _____n _____t acts to inhibit the action at _____n _____s.
Many of the most important medications of this class selectively act at the 5-HT3 receptor, and thus are known as 5-HT3 antagonists.
However, other drugs such as ketanserin act upon other types of _____n _____s.
Antagonists of the 5-HT2A receptor are sometimes used as atypical antipsychotics, with the Typical antipsychotics being purely Dopamine antagonists.

Front 302

Ondansetron
Uses

Back 302

Antiemetic

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 303

Ondansetron
[ Supplied ]

Back 303

4mg/2mL vial

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 304

Ondansetron
Dosing--card

Back 304

4mg

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 305

Ondansetron
Dosing--Stever

Back 305

same

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 306

Ondansetron
Caution

Back 306

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 307

Ondansetron
Notes

Back 307

1x dose, give 30m prior to end of case

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 308

Doperidol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 308

Doperidol (Inapsine

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 309

Doperidol
Class

Back 309

Antidopaminergic

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 310

Antidopaminergic

Back 310

Preventing or counteracting the effects of dopamine.
A drug which blocks dopamine receptors by receptor antagonism.
There are five known types of dopamine receptors in the human body; they are found in the brain, peripheral nervous system, blood vessels, and the kidney.

Front 311

Doperidol
Uses

Back 311

Antiemetic

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 312

Doperidol
[ Supplied ]

Back 312

0.3125 mg/ml

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 313

Doperidol
Dosing--card

Back 313

0.625 mg

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 314

Doperidol
Dosing--Stever

Back 314

same

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 315

Doperidol
Caution

Back 315

Parkinson's Disease, Prolonged QT interval (can cause arrhythmias), Elderly (euphoria)

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 316

Doperidol
Notes

Back 316

1x dose, give 30m prior to end of case; works on Dopamine Receptors, so contraindicated in Parkinson pt

Antiemetics
Group 10

Front 317

Local Anesthetics

Back 317

Transient loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic function in a discrete portion of the body; reversible conduction of blockade of impulses along central and peripheral nerve pathways; Divided into Amides and Esters; Amides ( I b4 caine) metabolized by liver & Esters (no i b4 caine) metabolized in plasma via plasma cholinesterases, also will cause allergic Rxn in ppl allergic to PABA in sunscreen.
Note that Vasoconstrictors (i.e.
Epinephrine) increase duration of action of local anesthetic by limiting systemic absorption and maintaining the drug [c] at the nerve.
It also decreases possibility of systemic toxicity and has little effect on onset (use 5mcg/ml or 1:200,000 Epi w/ local anesthetic); Symptoms of Toxicity: Circumoral numbness (lips), Tinnitus (ringing in ears), taste pennies, lightheadedness, visual disturbances, muscular twitching, unconsciousness, convulsions, respiratory depression, cardiovascular collapse (described w/ increasing levels of toxicity);PVC=premature ventricular contraction; Infiltration=using lidocaine to numb area b4 giving IV/creating wheal under skin; use nebulizer to numb airway for awake intubation; use at induction to attenuate burning on injection of induction drugs; IV regional anesthesia (IVRA) = Bier Block; Peripheral Nerve Block (PNB) = ankle or femural block;
.
||

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 318

Local Anesthetics

Back 318

An anesthetic that causes loss of sensation only to the area to which it is applied.
A local anesthetic is a drug that causes reversible local anesthesia and a loss of nociception.
When it is used on specific nerve pathways (nerve block), effects such as analgesia (loss of pain sensation) and paralysis (loss of muscle power) can be achieved.

Front 319

Lidocaine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 319

Lidocaine

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 320

Lidocaine
Class

Back 320

Amide

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 321

Amide

Back 321

In chemistry, amide usually refers to organic compounds that contain the functional group consisting of an acyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom (N).
The term refers both to a class of compounds and a functional group within those compounds.
The term amide also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia (NH3) or an amine, often represented as anions R2N-.

Front 322

Lidocaine
Uses

Back 322

local anesthesia, cough, inhalation

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 323

Lidocaine
[ Supplied ]

Back 323

0.5-5%

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 324

Lidocaine
Dosing--card

Back 324

1mg/kg IV

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 325

Lidocaine
Dosing--Stever

Back 325

Topical (4%); Infiltration (0.5-1%); IVRA (0.25-0.5%); PNB (1-1.5%); Epidural (1.5-2%); Spinal (1.5-5%)

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 326

Lidocaine
Caution

Back 326

Hepatic Disease (metab.
In liver)

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 327

Lidocaine
Notes

Back 327

Hepatic Clearance
Toxic Dose: 5mg/kg alone
7 mg/kg with Epi

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 328

Diphenhydramine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 328

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 329

Diphenhydramine
Class

Back 329

H1 Antagonist

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 330

H1 Antagonist

Back 330

A histamine antagonist of the H1 receptor that serves to reduce or eliminate effects mediated by histamine, an endogenous chemical mediator released during allergic reactions.
Agents where the main therapeutic effect is mediated by negative modulation of histamine receptors are termed antihistamines—other agents may have antihistaminergic action but are not true antihistamines.

Front 331

Diphenhydramine
Uses

Back 331

antihistamine

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 332

Diphenhydramine
[ Supplied ]

Back 332

50 mg/ml

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 333

Diphenhydramine
Dosing--card

Back 333

25mg (12.5-50)

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 334

Diphenhydramine
Dosing--Stever

Back 334

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 335

Diphenhydramine
Caution

Back 335

causes sedation

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 336

Diphenhydramine
Notes

Back 336

Hepatic Elimination

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 337

Heparin
Drug
(trade name)

Back 337

Heparin

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 338

Heparin
Class

Back 338

Anticoagulant

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 339

Anticoagulant

Back 339

A substance that prevents coagulation; that is, it stops blood from clotting.
Any of a group of drugs that suppress, delay, or prevent clots (masses of blood cells) from forming in the bloodstream.
Also known as blood thinners, anticoagulants are used to treat heart, lung, or blood vessel disorders.
The drug may be administered for a heart attack, pulmonary embolism (blockage of the artery that feeds the lung), or irregular heartbeat, which may cause harmful clots to form.

Front 340

Heparin
Uses

Back 340

Anticoagulant

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 341

Heparin
[ Supplied ]

Back 341

varrying conc.
||
Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 342

Heparin
Dosing--card

Back 342

det.
By surgeon

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 343

Heparin
Dosing--Stever

Back 343

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 344

Heparin
Caution

Back 344

occular/intracranial sg, spinal/epidural

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 345

Heparin
Notes

Back 345

Hepatic Elimination

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 346

Ketorolac
Drug
(trade name)

Back 346

Ketorolac (Toradol)

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 347

Ketorolac
Class

Back 347

NSAID

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 348

NSAID or NAIDs

Back 348

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic (lowering an elevated body temperature and relieving pain without impairing consciousness) and, in higher doses, with anti-inflammatory.
The term "non-steroidal" is used to distinguish these drugs from steroids, which have a similar eicosanoid-depressing, anti-inflammatory action.
As analgesics, NSAIDs are unusual in that they are non-narcotic.

Front 349

Ketorolac
Uses

Back 349

Anti-inflammatory

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 350

Ketorolac
[ Supplied ]

Back 350

30 mg/ml

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 351

Ketorolac
Dosing--card

Back 351

30mg (15-60) IV or IM

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 352

Ketorolac
Dosing--Stever

Back 352

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 353

Ketorolac
Caution

Back 353

Renal pt, may cause bleeding, ↓ platelet fx, nausea

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12

Front 354

Ketorolac
Notes

Back 354

Renal Clearance, Postop Analgesic; avoid w/ NSAID Allergy or recent hx GI bleeding

Other Drugs--from orange card
Group 12