Icm Spring 4- Opthamology

Front 1

what are the 2 eye drugs that should be in your eye kit

what should you NOT use

Back 1

1. tetracaine

2. proparacrine

*DONT use atropine- anti Mus, lasts ~2 weeks so pt will be dilated TOO LONG
dont use steroids with + flourecin dye

Front 2

what type of eye complaint might you refer

Back 2

1. painless loss of vision

Front 3

why is a pin hole used?

Back 3

ppl with near vision (cant see far) used for visual acuity test to block out peripheral light

Front 4

what is entropion? how is it treated

what is ectropion, how is it treated

Back 4

in turning eyelid, tx- surgery

outward turning of the eyelid, tx- surgery. (no tears getting to eyes)

Front 5

what is it called when your eyelid turns inward, how can you treat it

Back 5

entropion

*tx w/surgery

Front 6

we know what pinguecula and pterygium are. how are they treated

Back 6

artificial tears
topical constrictictors
*refer if really severe, can cause blindness

Front 7

whats a subconjuntival hemorrhage

Back 7

its a common, self limited, seen with HTN

red on the cornea

Front 8

blepharitis is...

what are the 2 types

Back 8

inflammation of lid margin

1. staph
2. seborrheic (dandruff)

*feels like a foerign body or burning

Front 9

tx for blepharitis

Back 9

1. warm compress
2. diluted baby shampoo to cleanse
3. AB- ciloxin, bacitracin, minocycline, keflex

Front 10

whats a doc word for stye

tx if AB needed

Back 10

hordeolum

**if upper eyelid use topical, if lower eyelid use drops

Front 11

hutchinsons on nose....

Back 11

sign of HSV (zoster)

**check the eye, can cause glaucoma
**Tx with acyclovir 5/day

Front 12

how does zoster of the eye present and what is the tx

Back 12

swelling, see the dermatomal lesion, hutchinsons sign on tip of nose (CN5)

*tx with acyclovir or famvir

Front 13

how is a foreign body removed from the...

1. conjunctiva
2. cornea

Back 13

1. conjunctive- irrigate or cotton swab

2. cornea- hypodermal needle, refer

**use a topical AB for both obviously

Front 14

HSV on teh eye...

Back 14

looks like a dendritic lesion that lights with woodslamp

**refer, dont use steroids

Front 15

tx for corneal abrasion

Back 15

1. GOOD HISTORY
2. flourecin stain to see it
3. AB: ciloxin, erythromycin, bacitracin, sulfa
4. pressure patch

**HSV, refer

Front 16

herpes zoster tx
herpes simplex tx

in teh eye

Back 16

1. zoster- acyclovir
2. simplex- viroptic, NO STEROIDS

Front 17

causes of conjunctivitis

Back 17

1. allergy
2. viral
3. bacterial
4. tear deficiency

Front 18

if the conjunctival discharge is.... what is teh cause

1. purulent
2. clear
3. stringy, white

Back 18

1. purulent- bacteria
2. clear- viral, also will have preauricular lymphadenopathy
3. stringy white- allergy

**

Front 19

most common cause of purulent conjunctival discharge

tx?

Back 19

staph
strep
haemophilus

Topical AB qid, warm compress

Front 20

is viral conjunctivitis contagious

what are sx

Back 20

HIGHLY

*sx include: watery discharge, preauricular lymphadenopathy, URI, fever

Front 21

what is the super HIGHLY contagious conjunctivitis

Back 21

viral

**if you have photophobia or decreased vision refer

Front 22

when do you refer viral conjunctivitis

1. watery discharge
2. palp preauricular lymphadenopathy
3. URI, sore throat
4. photophobia, decreased vision

Back 22

photophobia, decreased vision

Front 23

tx for allergic conjunctivitis

Back 23

this is the one with stringy, white mucous

allergy can be: chemical, cosemetic, hay fever, eczema, asthma

*tx w/topical ANTIHISTAMINES

Front 24

this is the tx for,,,

1. antihistamine
2. surgery
3. tears, topical constrictor
4. warm compress, baby shampoo, clioxin, bacitracin, minocycline, keflex
5. acyclovir
6. irrigation, topical anesthetic
7. no anesthetic, pressure patch, AB
8. viroptic, no steroids

Back 24

1. antihistamine: allergic conjunctivitis
2. ectropion, entropion
3. pterygium, pinguecula
4. blepharitis
5. zoster
6. irrigation for conjunctival foerign body
7. corneal abrasion
8. HSV

Front 25

what happens if you wear your contacts too long

Back 25

1. pain, tearing in AM
2. corneal edema
3. resolution if no corneal abrasion
4. reassure, FU

Front 26

is infiltrative bacteria in cornea a big deal

Back 26

OH YA!!!! can totally penetrate in just days

Front 27

what are the 2 kinds of cellulitis of the eye

Back 27

1. preseptal: vision, pupil, motility are all normal (tx w/oral AB and warm compress)

2. orbital: pain fever, blurred vision, diplopia, abnormal pupil (tx- refer, blood culture, hospitalize, orbital CT, ENT if needed

Front 28

preseptal cellulitis is what? what is the tx

Back 28

cellulitis in teh eye that does NOT cause changes in motility, pupil, vision

tx w/ oral AB and warm compress

Front 29

what class of drugs are super common for causing dry eyes

Back 29

muscrinic antagonists

Front 30

tear deficiency is called

what are some sx and causes

Back 30

keratoconjunctivaitis sicca- burn, foerign body sensation, reflex tearing

**seen with antiMuscarinics, old, RA, Steven johnsons,

Front 31

other than drops what can you do to tx tear deficiencies

Back 31

punctal occlusion

Front 32

with a blow out fracture what do you do for eye health

Back 32

check pupil
check to be sure cheek can move/feel
motility, diplopia
orbital x ray (waters view)
order CT
oral AB

Front 33

what is teh super bad eye burn to get

Back 33

alkali

**reacts with lipids to form a soap, penetrates really easily

**ex anhydrous ammonia

Front 34

tx for alkali burn

Back 34

oh, this is bad news. it forms a soap and gets really bad

*topical anestheic, IRRIGATE IRRIGATE IRRIGATE

**acid burns are not nearly as bad as acid

Front 35

acid burn

Back 35

not as bad as alkali, wont penetrate, the acid is neutralized by tears

Front 36

what is included in DR (diabetic retinopathy)

how can effects be minimized

Back 36

macular edema, AV nicking, proliforative vascular

Decrease by... CONTROL the sugars

Front 37

when you see floeaters...

Back 37

retinal detachment

Flashes of light, curtain/veil peripherally

can decrease vision

Front 38

CN palsies can happen how

Back 38

systemic ischemic disease

SO4 LR6 AO3

Front 39

termoral arteritis

Back 39

vasculiits of medium size vessels, ischemic optic neuropathy (reninal artery in the optic nerve), CN palsy, retinal vascular occlusion

Front 40

sx of temporal arteritis

Back 40

HA, jaw pain, shoulder pain, blindness, weight loss, sed rate is not good to dx

Front 41

dx and tx of temporal arteritis

Back 41

dx: sed rate not useful, do bx--> giant cell infiltrate

tx: oral cortical steroids, tx immediatly, get bx w/in 1 week