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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 causes of endocrine HTN
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excess MC
pheochromocytoma |
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2 kinds of MC excess states
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true MC excess
pseudohyperaldosteronism |
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2 kinds of true MC excess
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primary aldosteronism (adenoma or hyperplasia)
CAH |
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2 kinds of pseudohyperaldosteronism
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apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME)
liddle's syndrome |
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AME is caused by ____, which allows ___ to ___, instead of being ____ed.
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deficient 11beta HSD
cortisol bind MC receptor converted to cortisone |
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liddle's syndrome is caused by ____ which prevents ___, causing ____.
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ENaC mutation
ubiquitylation by Nedd4 aldosterone-independent Na reabsorption |
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3 causes of primary aldosteronism, in decreasing order of frequency
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adenoma
idiopathic (including adrenal hyperplasia) GC-remediable |
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PAC/PRA is ___. when this ratio is above ____, suspect ___. if it is below, suspect ___ (2).
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(plasma aldosterone concentration)/(plasma renin activity)
25 primary aldosteronism essential HTN secondary HTN |
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posture test is ___.
it is ___ in APA, ___ in APRA (renin-responsive), ___ in IHA (idiopathic hyperaldosteronism), ___ in PAH. |
PAC after 2H upright posture
decreased or no change increased increased decreased or no change |
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serum 18-OH corticosterone is above ___ in ___ (2), below it in ___ (2)
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APA
APRA IHA PAH |
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most common symptoms of pheochromocytoma
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headache
excessive perspiration palpitation |
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pheos can be associated with ____ (2)
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MEN
neurofibromatosis |
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T/F: pheochromocytomas can present with orthostatic hypotension
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true
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common lab findings with pheos
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high HCT
hyperglycemia |
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diagnosis of pheo is via
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24h urinary free catecholamines and metanephrins
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3 steps in presurgical regimen
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alpha blockers (phenoxybenzamine)
fluids beta blockers |
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2 enzyme defects causing CAH with hyperaldosteronism
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11B OHase
17OHase |
