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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you asses tactile fremitus?
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* Hands/fingers lightly on posterior chest
* Ask patient to say "toy boat" or coin" * Move hands inferiorly, comparing sides as you go |
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What would cause an increase in tactile fremitus?
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An increase in tactile fremitus may indicated an area of consolidated lung, such as a pneumonia
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What would cause a decrease in tactile fremitus?
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A decrease in tactile fremitus may occurs over a pleural effusion, pneumothorax or large pulmonary bleb
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What conditions cause hyper-resonance during percussion of the lung?
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Hyper-resonance occurs when lung tissue is replace by air, as in pneumothorax or emphysema
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What do bronchial breath sounds indicate when heard over lobar regions?
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Bronchial breath sounds indicate areas of lung consolidation, which increase the transmission of major airway sounds when compared to the softer adventitious ones.
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What causes fine crackle lung sounds [rales]?
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Fine crackles (or rales) is caused by the sudden reopening of partially collapsed small airways. Usually occurs in late inspiration.
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Provide a differential for fine crackle lung sounds.
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Scarring/pulmonary fibrosis, pus/pneumonia, blood/alveolar hemorrhage, or fluid/pulmonary edema
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What causes coarse crackles?
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Airflow through large central airways rupturing fluid films and bubbles.
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What are the six cardinal symptoms of the respiratory system?
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1) Chest Pain
2) Cough 3) Dyspnea 4) Sputum 5) Hemoptysis 6) Wheezing |
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What are the six cardiac cardinal symptoms?
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1) Chest pain
2) Dyspnea 3) Edema 4) Fatigue 5) Palpitations 6) Syncope |
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What are the clinical names for protrusion and inversion of the sternum?
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Pectus carinatum and Pectus excavatum.
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